勃列日涅夫时期苏联与埃及的关系
发布时间：2019-01-21 07:39
【摘要】： 本文以勃列日涅夫时期(1964-1982年)苏联和埃及两国关系为研究对象，运用了国际关系理论中的国家利益论等基本理论，在国际环境的大背景下，对苏联和埃及的政治、经济、军事关系进行了论述、考察和分析。 纵观苏联在勃列日涅夫时期同埃及政治、军事关系从紧密到破裂的过程，可以把苏埃关系分成三个时期：勃列日涅夫执政到纳赛尔逝世的全面发展时期(1964-1970)；萨达特执政到“十月战争”的转折时期(1970-1973)；“十月战争”后到勃列日涅夫逝世的衰退和破裂时期(1973-1982)。 勃列日涅夫在苏联执政以后，在一段时期内继承了赫鲁晓夫的对埃政策。这时美国停止对埃及的援助，苏联借此机会提出新的对埃政策，开始加大对埃及的援助和渗透。随着苏联在埃及的渗透，，它的军事力量也终于进入到埃及，逐渐控制住了埃及，并企图进一步扩大在中东的势力。“六五战争”发生后，纳赛尔开始对苏联失望，苏埃之间出现了许多分歧。 70年代，勃列日涅夫在全球缓和的口号下，依托苏联强大的经济、军事实力开始谋求世界霸权，企图进一步在埃及获取更多利益。萨达特执政以后，苏联的中东战略及对埃政策已经不符合埃及的利益。埃及为了摆脱苏联控制驱逐了苏联军事专家。“十月战争”中埃及失利，埃及对苏联在战争中的援助很不满意，两国互相指责，苏埃关系跌到了一个低谷，苏埃关系开始走向衰落。 “十月战争”以后，美国重新强势介入埃以冲突，埃及在获得美国的支持后，谋求和以色列的媾和，逐渐放弃了苏联。苏联一方面继续努力在埃及保持军事基地，另一方面转而谋求和叙利亚、伊拉克等国的合作。埃以媾和后，苏埃共同战略利益消失，1976年埃及正式废除《苏埃友好合作条约》，两国关系彻底破裂。苏联军事力量随即撤出埃及。 纵览整个苏埃关系，苏联和埃及在战略诉求上存在巨大差异，所以两国的合作无法持续。但是苏埃关系对苏联的政治、军事意义重大，同时埃及也从苏埃关系中得到了更多的政治、军事、经济利益。苏埃关系的发展过程在客观上促进了中东和平进程的发展。所以苏埃关系在历史上具有重大意义。
[Abstract]:This paper takes the relations between the Soviet Union and Egypt in Brezhnev's period (1964-1982) as the object of study, applies the basic theory of national interests in the theory of international relations, and under the background of the international environment, the political and economic situation of the Soviet Union and Egypt. Military relations are discussed, investigated and analyzed. Throughout the Soviet Union's political and military relations with Egypt in Brezhnev's time, the military relations can be divided into three periods: the period of Brezhnev's ruling and the all-round development of Nasser's death (1964-1970); Sadat came to the turn of the October War (1970-1973); after the October War to the recession and rupture of Brezhnev's death (1973-1982). Brezhnev inherited Khrushchev's policy towards Egypt for a period after the Soviet Union. At this time, the United States stopped aid to Egypt, the Soviet Union took this opportunity to put forward a new policy towards Egypt, began to increase aid and infiltration to Egypt. With the infiltration of the Soviet Union in Egypt, its military force finally entered Egypt, gradually controlled Egypt, and attempted to further expand its power in the Middle East. After the six-five-year War, Nasser began to be disappointed with the Soviet Union, and there were many differences between Sudan and Egypt. In the 1970s, Brezhnev under the slogan of global detente, relying on the Soviet Union's strong economy, military strength began to seek world hegemony, in an attempt to further gain more interests in Egypt. After Sadat came into power, the Soviet Union's Middle East strategy and its policy towards Egypt were no longer in Egypt's interests. Egypt expelled Soviet military experts in order to get rid of Soviet control. Egypt was not satisfied with the Soviet Union's assistance in the October War. The two countries blamed each other. Soviet-Egypt relations fell to a low point, and Soviet-Egyptian relations began to decline. After the October War, the United States again strongly intervened in the conflict between Egypt and Israel. After obtaining the support of the United States, Egypt sought to make peace with Israel and gradually abandoned the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union continued its efforts to maintain military bases in Egypt and, on the other hand, sought cooperation with Syria, Iraq and other countries. After the peace between Egypt and Israel, the common strategic interests of Sudan and Egypt disappeared. In 1976, Egypt formally abolished the Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation between Sudan and Egypt, and the relations between the two countries completely broke down. Soviet forces immediately withdrew from Egypt. Throughout Soviet-Egyptian relations, the Soviet Union and Egypt have great differences in their strategic aspirations, so cooperation between the two countries cannot be sustained. But Soviet-Egyptian relations are of great political and military significance to the Soviet Union, and Egypt has gained more political, military and economic benefits from Soviet-Egyptian relations. The development process of Soviet-Egypt relations objectively promoted the development of the Middle East peace process. So Su-Egypt relationship is of great significance in history.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K153
本文编号：2412447
[Abstract]:This paper takes the relations between the Soviet Union and Egypt in Brezhnev's period (1964-1982) as the object of study, applies the basic theory of national interests in the theory of international relations, and under the background of the international environment, the political and economic situation of the Soviet Union and Egypt. Military relations are discussed, investigated and analyzed. Throughout the Soviet Union's political and military relations with Egypt in Brezhnev's time, the military relations can be divided into three periods: the period of Brezhnev's ruling and the all-round development of Nasser's death (1964-1970); Sadat came to the turn of the October War (1970-1973); after the October War to the recession and rupture of Brezhnev's death (1973-1982). Brezhnev inherited Khrushchev's policy towards Egypt for a period after the Soviet Union. At this time, the United States stopped aid to Egypt, the Soviet Union took this opportunity to put forward a new policy towards Egypt, began to increase aid and infiltration to Egypt. With the infiltration of the Soviet Union in Egypt, its military force finally entered Egypt, gradually controlled Egypt, and attempted to further expand its power in the Middle East. After the six-five-year War, Nasser began to be disappointed with the Soviet Union, and there were many differences between Sudan and Egypt. In the 1970s, Brezhnev under the slogan of global detente, relying on the Soviet Union's strong economy, military strength began to seek world hegemony, in an attempt to further gain more interests in Egypt. After Sadat came into power, the Soviet Union's Middle East strategy and its policy towards Egypt were no longer in Egypt's interests. Egypt expelled Soviet military experts in order to get rid of Soviet control. Egypt was not satisfied with the Soviet Union's assistance in the October War. The two countries blamed each other. Soviet-Egypt relations fell to a low point, and Soviet-Egyptian relations began to decline. After the October War, the United States again strongly intervened in the conflict between Egypt and Israel. After obtaining the support of the United States, Egypt sought to make peace with Israel and gradually abandoned the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union continued its efforts to maintain military bases in Egypt and, on the other hand, sought cooperation with Syria, Iraq and other countries. After the peace between Egypt and Israel, the common strategic interests of Sudan and Egypt disappeared. In 1976, Egypt formally abolished the Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation between Sudan and Egypt, and the relations between the two countries completely broke down. Soviet forces immediately withdrew from Egypt. Throughout Soviet-Egyptian relations, the Soviet Union and Egypt have great differences in their strategic aspirations, so cooperation between the two countries cannot be sustained. But Soviet-Egyptian relations are of great political and military significance to the Soviet Union, and Egypt has gained more political, military and economic benefits from Soviet-Egyptian relations. The development process of Soviet-Egypt relations objectively promoted the development of the Middle East peace process. So Su-Egypt relationship is of great significance in history.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K153
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 游玉霞;苏联的中东政策研究（1964-1982年）[D];黑龙江大学;2013年
本文编号：2412447
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