印度锡克人分离主义运动研究（1947-1991）
发布时间：2019-01-27 16:28
【摘要】：锡克人是印度的一个少数族群,他们拥有自己的宗教,也曾经在旁遮普地区建立过自己的王国。十九世纪中期锡克人被英国人征服,二十世纪初他们开始走上抵抗英国殖民统治的道路。印度独立后,由于中央政府在经济、政治、文化上长期没有处理好与锡克人的关系,因此,锡克人的对立情绪逐步产生,最终演变为锡克人分离主义运动。文章分为以下四个部分。第一部分析了印度锡克人分离主义运动产生的历史背景,论述了英国殖民统治者对锡克人在经济、政治、军事、文化等各方面的统治政策。在漫长的殖民统治过程中,锡克人与英国殖民者的矛盾日益显现,因此对立情绪逐步滋生,最终走上了反英道路的历程。正是在长时期的反英斗争中,锡克人开始觉醒。第二部分是分析锡克人分离主义的产生及其原因。印度独立前夕,锡克人提出单独建立卡利斯坦国的要求,但未能获得成功。印度独立后,他们争取建立旁遮普语言邦,并要求锡克人进一步扩大自治权,锡克人分离运动产生。由于印度政府难以满足其要求,锡克人走上了对抗中央政府的道路。第三部分是锡克人分离主义运动的发展及影响因素分析。20世纪80年代,锡克人分离运动进一步发展,他们试图分离旁遮普邦,并向印度中央发起不合作运动,导致中央与地方的矛盾更加突出。这一时期,锡克人极端势力的兴起,印度政府政策的失误以及阿卡利党内外极端势力进一步联合等因素导致了印度锡克人分离运动进一步发展。20世纪90年代初期后,锡克人分离运动逐渐走向衰落。第四部分主要是论述印度锡克人分裂主义运动的影响。印度锡克人分离主义运动对旁遮普的政治、经济和社会都产生了影响。锡克人分离主义运动加剧了旁遮普的动荡局面,激化了旁遮普与中央政府的矛盾,恶化了当地印度教徒与锡克教徒的关系。
[Abstract]:Sikhs are a minority group in India who have their own religion and once established their own kingdom in Punjab. The Sikhs were conquered by the British in the mid-nineteenth century and began to resist British colonial rule in the early twentieth century. After the independence of India, because the central government failed to deal with the relations with Sikhs in economy, politics and culture for a long time, the antagonism of Sikhs gradually emerged and eventually evolved into a Sikh separatist movement. The article is divided into the following four parts. The first part analyzes the historical background of the Sikh separatist movement in India and discusses the policies of the British colonial rulers over the Sikhs in economic, political, military, cultural and other aspects. During the long period of colonial rule, the contradiction between the Sikhs and the British colonists appeared day by day, so the antagonism grew gradually, and finally embarked on the course of anti-British. It was during the long anti-British struggle that the Sikhs began to awaken. The second part is the analysis of Sikh separatism and its causes. On the eve of India's independence, Sikhs demanded a separate state of Kallistan, but failed. After India's independence, they fought for the Punjab language state, and demanded that the Sikhs further expand their autonomy, and the Sikh secession movement came into being. With the Indian government struggling to meet its demands, Sikhs set out against the central government. The third part is the development of Sikh separatist movement and the analysis of its influencing factors. In the 1980s, the Sikh separatist movement developed further, and they tried to separate Punjab and launched a non-cooperative movement against the central Indian state. Leading to the central and local contradictions more prominent. During this period, the rise of Sikh extremist forces, the mistakes of the Indian government's policies, and the further integration of extremist forces inside and outside the Akali Party led to the further development of the Sikh separatist movement in India. After the early 1990s, The Sikh separation movement gradually declined. The fourth part mainly discusses the influence of Sikh separatist movement in India. The Sikh separatist movement in India had an impact on Punjab's politics, economy and society. The Sikh separatist movement exacerbated the turmoil in Punjab, intensified the conflict between Punjab and the central government, and worsened the relationship between local Hindus and Sikhs.
【学位授予单位】：贵州师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K351.5
本文编号：2416450
[Abstract]:Sikhs are a minority group in India who have their own religion and once established their own kingdom in Punjab. The Sikhs were conquered by the British in the mid-nineteenth century and began to resist British colonial rule in the early twentieth century. After the independence of India, because the central government failed to deal with the relations with Sikhs in economy, politics and culture for a long time, the antagonism of Sikhs gradually emerged and eventually evolved into a Sikh separatist movement. The article is divided into the following four parts. The first part analyzes the historical background of the Sikh separatist movement in India and discusses the policies of the British colonial rulers over the Sikhs in economic, political, military, cultural and other aspects. During the long period of colonial rule, the contradiction between the Sikhs and the British colonists appeared day by day, so the antagonism grew gradually, and finally embarked on the course of anti-British. It was during the long anti-British struggle that the Sikhs began to awaken. The second part is the analysis of Sikh separatism and its causes. On the eve of India's independence, Sikhs demanded a separate state of Kallistan, but failed. After India's independence, they fought for the Punjab language state, and demanded that the Sikhs further expand their autonomy, and the Sikh secession movement came into being. With the Indian government struggling to meet its demands, Sikhs set out against the central government. The third part is the development of Sikh separatist movement and the analysis of its influencing factors. In the 1980s, the Sikh separatist movement developed further, and they tried to separate Punjab and launched a non-cooperative movement against the central Indian state. Leading to the central and local contradictions more prominent. During this period, the rise of Sikh extremist forces, the mistakes of the Indian government's policies, and the further integration of extremist forces inside and outside the Akali Party led to the further development of the Sikh separatist movement in India. After the early 1990s, The Sikh separation movement gradually declined. The fourth part mainly discusses the influence of Sikh separatist movement in India. The Sikh separatist movement in India had an impact on Punjab's politics, economy and society. The Sikh separatist movement exacerbated the turmoil in Punjab, intensified the conflict between Punjab and the central government, and worsened the relationship between local Hindus and Sikhs.
【学位授予单位】：贵州师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K351.5
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