论苏南冲突与缓和对中南关系的影响

发布时间：2019-01-29 03:22

【摘要】： 在社会主义阵营中,作为核心的苏联和苏联共产党,其内部的发展道路和对外方针政策对其他社会主义国家——包括南斯拉夫联邦人民共和国和中华人民共和国——的内政外交都产生了深远的影响。由于大多社会主义国家都是依靠苏联的援助和支持来进行革命和建设的,而且两大阵营之间的斗争又使得广大社会主义国家不得不依靠苏联来抵制美帝国主义阵营的进攻,因此苏联对外关系的变化就成为东方阵营制定对外政策的风向标。19481953年的苏南冲突及以后苏南两党两国的分分合合,就对中南两党两国关系的变化产生了重要的影响。按照苏南关系发展阶段的不同,我们可以分阶段评析苏南冲突对中南关系的影响：1、苏南冲突期(1948年——1953年)：苏南发生冲突,中共及其建立的中华人民共和国急需苏联老大哥的援助,因此响应苏联要求,对南斯拉夫进行批判；2、苏南关系改善期(1953年——1958年)：斯大林去世后继任的赫鲁晓夫,为了稳定国内局势和苏联对社会主义阵营的领导权,主动改善苏南关系,并提议中南两国建交；中南两国自1953年起逐渐恢复外交接触,并有了初步的建交意向,苏联的建议起了关键性的推动作用,1955年中南正式建交；3、苏南关系波动期(1958年——1968年)：苏南关系的改善并不能使得南斯拉夫重新回到社会主义阵营的怀抱,苏南之间控制与反控制的斗争造成两者仍然矛盾重重,而在此时期中苏之间也产生了重大分歧,中国借批判南斯拉夫修正主义来批评苏共；4、苏南矛盾深化期(1968年——1978年)：苏南矛盾难以调和,中苏关系也进一步恶化,在反对苏联霸权主义的基础上,中南开始谋求改善关系,促成了两国两党关系的正常化。综上可以看出,1948年苏南冲突后,苏南关系的变化在很大程度上左右了中南关系的进展。通过对1948年——1978年间中苏南关系的研究,我们也可以看出,一个国家外交政策的制定是多种因素综合作用的产物,但是其中最重要的无疑是国家利益方面的考量,一切外交政策都是为了维护和发展本国的国家利益。
[Abstract]:In the socialist camp, the Soviet Union and the Soviet Communist Party, as the core, Its internal path of development and foreign policy have had a profound impact on the internal and foreign affairs of other socialist countries, including the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and the people's Republic of China. Since most socialist countries rely on the assistance and support of the Soviet Union to carry out revolution and construction, and the struggle between the two camps has made the vast number of socialist countries have to rely on the Soviet Union to resist the attack by the US imperialist camp. Therefore, the change of the Soviet Union's foreign relations has become the vane of the oriental camp in formulating foreign policy. The conflict in southern Jiangsu in 1948-1953 and the separation and integration of the two parties and two countries since then have had an important impact on the changes in the relations between the two parties and the two countries. According to the different stages of the development of the relationship in southern Jiangsu, we can assess the influence of the conflict in the south of Jiangsu on the relations between China and South in stages: 1. The conflict in the south of Jiangsu (1948-1953): the conflict in southern Jiangsu, The Communist Party of China and its founding people's Republic of China were in urgent need of the assistance of Big Brother of the Soviet Union, so they criticized Yugoslavia in response to the request of the Soviet Union. (2) the period of improvement of Su-nan relations (1953-1958): Khrushchev, who succeeded after Stalin's death, took the initiative to improve the relations between the two countries in order to stabilize the domestic situation and the leadership of the Soviet Union over the socialist camp, and proposed the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and South Africa; China and South Africa gradually resumed diplomatic contacts since 1953 and had the initial intention to establish diplomatic relations. The Soviet Union's proposal played a key role in promoting the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and South Africa in 1955. (3) the fluctuation period of the southern Soviet relations (1958-1968): the improvement in the relations between southern and southern Jiangsu could not bring Yugoslavia back to the embrace of the socialist camp, and the struggle of control and anti-control between the southern Jiangsu and the south of the Soviet Union caused the conflict between them to continue to be full of contradictions. During this period, there were great differences between China and Soviet Union, and China criticized the Soviet Communist Party by criticizing Yugoslav revisionism. 4, the deepening period of the contradiction in southern Jiangsu (1968-1978): the contradiction in southern Jiangsu is difficult to reconcile, and the Sino-Soviet relations have also deteriorated further. On the basis of opposing the Soviet hegemonism, China and South Africa began to seek to improve the relations, which resulted in the normalization of the relations between the two countries and the two parties. It can be seen that, after the conflict in South Jiangsu in 1948, the change of the relationship between South Jiangsu and South China has largely influenced the progress of the relationship between China and South Africa. Through the study of the relations between South Jiangsu and Jiangsu from 1948 to 1978, we can also see that the formulation of a country's foreign policy is the product of a combination of factors, but the most important of these is undoubtedly the consideration of national interests. All foreign policy is to safeguard and develop the national interests of the country.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K153

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