日本对德政策研究（1936-1941）
发布时间：2019-05-19 11:56
【摘要】： 20世纪30、40年代,人类历史发展进程中最为重大的事件是第二次世界大战爆发。第二次世界大战不仅深刻地影响了世界各国人民的生产、生活和思想观念,同时也对民族、民主国家政策的制定和世界国际关系的演变产生重大影响。日本、德国和意大利这三个法西斯国家,以及它们所结成的法西斯军事同盟,对当时的世界格局和国际关系所产生的影响最为深远。可以说,法西斯“军事轴心同盟”的形成,改变了当时国际关系的既成格局,也在某种程度上深刻地制约着远东国际关系的发展态势,甚至促成了战后国际关系的变化。 本文主要利用日本原始档案资料并借鉴国内外相关研究成果,力图追溯从“防共协定”到“三国同盟”形成过程中,日本对德政策发展演变轨迹,揭示日本对德政策的真实意图,展现日德军事同盟关系的实态。其中,最重要的问题是日本和德国由“防共协定”走向军事同盟过程中,日、德之间曾谋求军事联合作战计划,而在具体侵略战争中又为何没有进行实质性的联合作战。因而,理清从“防共协定”到军事同盟形成过程中日本对德政策的发展脉络,探求日本对德军事同盟政策的本质和动机,有助于我们对日本所发动的侵略战争和侵略历史进行全面分析和认知。 本文综合运用历史学理论、国际关系和国际政治学理论,最终力图说明以下问题:(1)日本为了实现“吞并满蒙,独霸中国,称霸亚洲”的侵略扩张计划,放弃了对英、美“协调外交”路线,最终挑战“凡尔赛——华盛顿”体系,退出国际联盟和世界裁军条约,同德国缔结“防共协定”和军事同盟;(2)从“防共协定”到军事同盟形成过程中,日本对德政策始终呈现阶段性变化特点,具体表现为:第一、日本同德国缔结“防共协定”,为了借助德国力量牵制苏联,以期实现独霸中国的目的;第二、要求德国对日本侵华战争予以“道义和精神上”的支持,并选择德国作为日本对华进行“政治诱降”的“中介”,最终达到把英、美等势力逐出中国的目的,以实现所谓的“日、满、华共荣”;第三、同德国缔结军事同盟,以期借助德国力量,谋求日、德、意、苏“四国军事同盟”,并企图通过“四国同盟”力量,压制美国,使美国放弃参战,完成日本在太平洋地区的侵略扩张计划,最终实现所谓的“大东亚共荣”;(3)军事同盟形成后,日本并没有任何有效策应德军对苏联进攻的军事意图,虽然德国再三要求日本从西伯利亚发动攻势,但实际上亦没有抱太大期待。
[Abstract]:In 1930 s, the most important event in the development of human history was the outbreak of World War II. The second World War not only deeply affected the production, life and ideas of people all over the world, but also had a great impact on the formulation of national and democratic policies and the evolution of world international relations. The three fascist countries, Japan, Germany and Italy, and the fascist military alliance they formed, had the most profound influence on the world pattern and international relations at that time. It can be said that the formation of fascist "military axis alliance" changed the pattern of international relations at that time, and, to some extent, deeply restricted the development trend of international relations in the far East, and even contributed to the changes in international relations after the war. This paper mainly uses the original archival data of Japan and draws lessons from the relevant research results at home and abroad, and tries to trace back to the development and evolution of Japan's policy towards Germany in the process of the formation of the "Anti-Communist Agreement" to the "Alliance of three countries". It reveals the true intention of Japan's policy towards Germany and shows the reality of the military alliance between Japan and Germany. Among them, the most important question is why Japan and Germany did not carry out substantive joint operations in the process of moving from the "Anti-Communist Agreement" to the military alliance, when Japan and Germany sought a plan for joint military operations, and why they did not carry out substantive joint operations in a specific war of aggression. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the development of Japan's policy towards Germany in the process of "anti-communist agreement" to the formation of military alliance, and to explore the nature and motivation of Japan's military alliance policy towards Germany. It is helpful for us to make a comprehensive analysis and cognition of the war of aggression and the history of aggression waged by Japan. Based on the theory of history, international relations and international politics, this paper finally tries to explain the following problems: (1) in order to realize the aggressive and expansion plan of "annexing Manchu Mongolia, dominating China and dominating Asia", Japan abandoned its aggression and expansion plan against Britain. The United States "coordinated diplomacy" route, finally challenged the "Versailles-Washington" system, withdrew from the League of Nations and world disarmament treaties, and concluded the Agreement on the Prevention of Communism and the military Alliance with Germany; (2) in the process of "anti-communist agreement" to the formation of military alliance, Japan's policy towards Germany has always shown the characteristics of phased changes, as follows: first, Japan has concluded a "anti-communist agreement" with Germany in order to contain the Soviet Union with the help of German forces. In order to achieve the goal of dominating China; Second, Germany is required to give "moral and spiritual" support to the Japanese war of aggression against China, and to choose Germany as the "intermediary" for Japan to carry out "political inducement" against China, so as to finally achieve the goal of driving British, American and other forces out of China. In order to realize the so-called "day, Manchu, Huaxong prosperity"; Third, to conclude a military alliance with Germany with a view to seeking a "four-nation military alliance" between Japan, Germany, Italy and the Soviet Union with the help of German forces, and to try to suppress the United States through the force of the "four-nation alliance" and make the United States give up participating in the war. Complete Japan's aggressive and expansion plan in the Pacific region, and finally realize the so-called "Greater East Asia Co-prosperity"; (3) after the formation of the military alliance, Japan did not have any effective military intention to respond to the German offensive against the Soviet Union. Although Germany repeatedly asked Japan to launch an offensive from Siberia, in fact, it did not have much expectation.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：K313
[Abstract]:In 1930 s, the most important event in the development of human history was the outbreak of World War II. The second World War not only deeply affected the production, life and ideas of people all over the world, but also had a great impact on the formulation of national and democratic policies and the evolution of world international relations. The three fascist countries, Japan, Germany and Italy, and the fascist military alliance they formed, had the most profound influence on the world pattern and international relations at that time. It can be said that the formation of fascist "military axis alliance" changed the pattern of international relations at that time, and, to some extent, deeply restricted the development trend of international relations in the far East, and even contributed to the changes in international relations after the war. This paper mainly uses the original archival data of Japan and draws lessons from the relevant research results at home and abroad, and tries to trace back to the development and evolution of Japan's policy towards Germany in the process of the formation of the "Anti-Communist Agreement" to the "Alliance of three countries". It reveals the true intention of Japan's policy towards Germany and shows the reality of the military alliance between Japan and Germany. Among them, the most important question is why Japan and Germany did not carry out substantive joint operations in the process of moving from the "Anti-Communist Agreement" to the military alliance, when Japan and Germany sought a plan for joint military operations, and why they did not carry out substantive joint operations in a specific war of aggression. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the development of Japan's policy towards Germany in the process of "anti-communist agreement" to the formation of military alliance, and to explore the nature and motivation of Japan's military alliance policy towards Germany. It is helpful for us to make a comprehensive analysis and cognition of the war of aggression and the history of aggression waged by Japan. Based on the theory of history, international relations and international politics, this paper finally tries to explain the following problems: (1) in order to realize the aggressive and expansion plan of "annexing Manchu Mongolia, dominating China and dominating Asia", Japan abandoned its aggression and expansion plan against Britain. The United States "coordinated diplomacy" route, finally challenged the "Versailles-Washington" system, withdrew from the League of Nations and world disarmament treaties, and concluded the Agreement on the Prevention of Communism and the military Alliance with Germany; (2) in the process of "anti-communist agreement" to the formation of military alliance, Japan's policy towards Germany has always shown the characteristics of phased changes, as follows: first, Japan has concluded a "anti-communist agreement" with Germany in order to contain the Soviet Union with the help of German forces. In order to achieve the goal of dominating China; Second, Germany is required to give "moral and spiritual" support to the Japanese war of aggression against China, and to choose Germany as the "intermediary" for Japan to carry out "political inducement" against China, so as to finally achieve the goal of driving British, American and other forces out of China. In order to realize the so-called "day, Manchu, Huaxong prosperity"; Third, to conclude a military alliance with Germany with a view to seeking a "four-nation military alliance" between Japan, Germany, Italy and the Soviet Union with the help of German forces, and to try to suppress the United States through the force of the "four-nation alliance" and make the United States give up participating in the war. Complete Japan's aggressive and expansion plan in the Pacific region, and finally realize the so-called "Greater East Asia Co-prosperity"; (3) after the formation of the military alliance, Japan did not have any effective military intention to respond to the German offensive against the Soviet Union. Although Germany repeatedly asked Japan to launch an offensive from Siberia, in fact, it did not have much expectation.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：K313
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