后冷战时代土耳其与美国的关系

发布时间：2019-05-24 20:06

【摘要】：形成于二战结束后的土耳其-美国联盟已持续半个世纪之久，它是现代土耳其历史上持续时间最长的国际关系联盟之一。土耳其与美国关系的建立源于冷战时期两国共同的安全意识，这种政治和军事上的密切关系在后冷战时代不确定的国际环境中仍然发挥着作用。两国关系经历了半个多世纪起伏，逐渐由简单的双边协议发展为相当复杂的关系，内容包括从中东、巴尔干和中亚的地区安全问题，到里海能源发展，以及土耳其国内政治等一系列问题。尽管冷战结束后的国际和国内形势发生了变化，但是土耳其与美国的关系仍然得以持续，并且出于各自国家利益的需要而更加密切。传统上认为土耳其的战略地位是两国建立军事政治联系最主要的原因。在冷战时期，美国将土耳其视为抵御苏联的关键伙伴，冷战后的国际形势继续强调了土耳其的地缘政治对美国利益以及对中东、巴尔干和中亚安全的重要性。对土耳其而言，与美国的双边关系首先意味着对自身安全的支持与援助，其次，与世界主导国家的长期联盟也为土耳其提供了重要的经济支持和外交资本。在后冷战时代，欧盟问题、中亚问题和伊拉克问题成为影响土耳其-美国关系的主导因素，土耳其与美国各自的国家利益决定了两国在这三个方面采取的政策。尽管双方在合作的同时也存在一些问题，但是两国为了主要的国家利益都不断推进土耳其-美国关系的发展。新世纪开始后的一系列事件再度显示了双边关系对土耳其和美国的重要性。2001年2月席卷土耳其的财政和经济危机强调了美国在国际金融组织中的影响力，对土耳其的经济恢复和发展至关重要。同样，2001年9月美国遭受的恐怖袭击及随后开始的全球范围的反恐行动，谋求土耳其的合作与支持也变得不可或缺。
[Abstract]:The Turkish-American alliance, formed after the end of World War II, has lasted for half a century and is one of the longest-running international relations coalitions in the history of modern Turkey. The establishment of relations between Turkey and the United States stems from the common security consciousness of the two countries during the Cold War, and this close political and military relationship still plays a role in the uncertain international environment in the post-Cold War era. After more than half a century of ups and downs, the relations between the two countries have gradually developed from simple bilateral agreements to quite complex relations, ranging from regional security issues in the Middle East, the Balkans and Central Asia to the energy development of the Caspian Sea. And Turkey's domestic politics and a series of issues. Although the international and domestic situation has changed since the end of the Cold War, Turkey's relations with the United States have continued and are closer out of the needs of their respective national interests. Traditionally, Turkey's strategic position is the most important reason for the establishment of military and political ties between the two countries. During the Cold War, the United States regarded Turkey as a key partner against the Soviet Union. The international situation after the Cold War continued to emphasize the importance of Turkey's geopolitics to the interests of the United States and to the security of the Middle East, the Balkans and Central Asia. For Turkey, bilateral relations with the United States first mean support and assistance for its own security, and second, its long-term alliance with the world's leading countries also provides Turkey with important economic support and diplomatic capital. In the post-Cold War era, the EU issue, the Central Asia issue and the Iraq issue have become the leading factors affecting the Turkish-American relations. The national interests of Turkey and the United States determine the policies adopted by the two countries in these three aspects. Although the two sides also have some problems while cooperating, the two countries continue to promote Turkey-US relations for the sake of their main national interests. A series of events since the beginning of the new century have once again demonstrated the importance of bilateral relations for Turkey and the United States. The fiscal and economic crisis sweeping Turkey in February 2001 emphasized the influence of the United States in international financial organizations. It is very important for Turkey's economic recovery and development. Similarly, the terrorist attacks on the United States in September 2001 and the subsequent global counter-terrorism operations have become indispensable for the cooperation and support of Turkey.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：K153

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