受助者身份特征对人际冷漠态度的影响

发布时间：2018-06-26 09:01

本文选题：人际冷漠 + 身份特征　；参考：《云南师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：改革开放至今,我国的经济水平与社会地位不断攀升。改革开放使我国正处于社会转型期这一重要时刻,在这种特殊时期,更多的问题也日益突出。由于社会转型期人际关系的变化,导致了一系列问题,其中较为突出的就是人际冷漠现象。“彭宇案”与“小悦悦”事件使得人际冷漠现象成为目前社会议论的焦点话题之一。面对这些触目惊心的事件我们不仅要问,在物质快速发展的今天,我们的精神文明为何发展缓慢?通常我们认为的人际冷漠是指当被救助者遇到困境时,旁观者因不信任而表现出的不作为的态度。目前的研究多从道德、媒体、信任等方面对人际冷漠现象进行研究。我们对于被救助者的“第一印象”对助人行为有着重要影响,所以我们应该重视身份特征对于人际冷漠的态度影响。所以研究被救助者身份特征对人际冷漠态度的影响有着理论意义与实践意义。本研究通过文献阅读与访谈的基础上进行情景实验设计,旨在研究被救助者身份特征对于人际冷漠态度的影响。本研究得出以下结论:(1)在被救者身份特征为“可见身份”下,自变量为年龄因素时,儿童、成年人与老年人在人际冷漠态度(行为倾向、道德认知)方面差异显著,儿童的评价分数高于其他人群;自变量为性别因素时,男性与女性在人际冷漠态度(行为倾向、道德认知)方面差异显著,女性的评价分数高于男性;自变量为洁净度因素时,洁净与非洁净在人际冷漠态度(行为倾向、道德认知)方面差异显著,洁净的被救助者的评价分数高于非洁净的被救助者;在自变量为国家因素时,外国人(外国白人)与非外国人在人际冷漠态度(行为倾向、道德认知)方面差异显著,外国人的评价分数高于非外国人。(2)在被救者身份特征为“不可见身份”下,自变量为人际关系因素时,当被救助者表现出“母亲”身份时与“非母亲”在人际冷漠态度(行为倾向、道德认知)方面差异显著,“母亲”的评价分数高于“非母亲”;自变量为职业因素的情况下,当被救助者表现出“教师”、“医生”、“导游”与“农民工”等身份时在人际冷漠态度(行为倾向、道德认知)方面差异显著。(3)被试大学生在人口学变量下发现,学科性质与是否是独身子女在行为倾向上差异显著。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up to date, China's economic level and social status is constantly rising. Reform and opening up make our country in the important moment of social transition, in this special period, more and more problems become more and more prominent. Due to the change of interpersonal relationship in social transition period, a series of problems have been caused, among which the phenomenon of interpersonal apathy is more prominent. Peng Yu case and Xiao Yue Yue incident make the phenomenon of interpersonal apathy one of the hot topics of social discussion. In the face of these shocking events, we should not only ask, in the rapid development of material today, why is our spiritual civilization slow development? We usually think of interpersonal apathy as an attitude of inaction by bystanders because of distrust when the rescued person is in trouble. The current research mainly studies the phenomenon of interpersonal apathy from the aspects of morality, media, trust and so on. Our "first impression" has an important influence on helping behavior, so we should pay attention to the influence of identity on interpersonal apathy. Therefore, it has theoretical and practical significance to study the influence of rescues' identity on interpersonal apathy. On the basis of literature reading and interviews, this study designed a situational experiment to study the influence of the identity characteristics of the recipients on interpersonal apathy. The conclusions of this study are as follows: (1) when the identity of the rescued person is "visible identity" and the independent variable is the age factor, there are significant differences between children, adults and the elderly in interpersonal apathy attitude (behavioral tendency, moral cognition). The evaluation score of children was higher than that of other people; when the independent variable was gender factor, there were significant differences between male and female in interpersonal apathy attitude (behavioral tendency, moral cognition), the evaluation score of female was higher than that of male; when the independent variable was cleanliness factor, there was a significant difference between male and female in interpersonal apathy. There were significant differences between clean and unclean in interpersonal apathy (behavior tendency, moral cognition). The clean rescues had higher evaluation scores than the unclean ones, and when independent variables were the national factors, there were significant differences between the clean and the unclean. There were significant differences between foreigners (white foreigners) and non-foreigners in interpersonal apathy (behavioral tendency, moral cognition). The evaluation scores of foreigners were higher than that of non-foreigners. (2) under the condition of "invisible identity", When the independent variable is the interpersonal relationship factor, there is significant difference between the "mother" and the "non-mother" in interpersonal apathy (behavioral tendency, moral cognition), and the evaluation score of "mother" is higher than that of "non-mother". When the independent variable is the professional factor, when the rescued person shows the status of "teacher", "doctor", "guide" and "migrant worker", they are in the attitude of interpersonal indifference (behavioral tendency). (3) there were significant differences in the nature of subjects and whether they were celibate children in behavioral tendency under demographic variables.
【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B848

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