宋代赔偿制度研究

发布时间：2017-12-31 14:03

本文关键词：宋代赔偿制度研究　出处：《河北大学》2005年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：赔偿是人们社会法律生活中的一项重要内容,它对调整人们的日常纠纷起着重要作用。宋代是中国古代商品经济发展的高峰期,在商品经济大潮的冲击下,人们的义利观发生了转变,进而导致人们日常生活中的冲突增多,赔偿的出现对于纠纷的解决具有重要意义。中国古代自西周时就有了赔偿,到了宋代形成一套完整的制度,具体包括赔偿的引起原因、赔偿的种类、赔偿的实现以及赔偿责任的免除四部分。宋代契约制度发达,与此相联系,基于违反契约规定而产生的赔偿在宋代大量存在,具体可分为违约赔偿和预约赔偿两大类。侵权行为是产生赔偿的又一重要原因,宋代基于侵权行为而产生的赔偿主要有因侵犯财产权引起的赔偿和因侵犯人身权引起的赔偿,侵权主体既可为人,也可是马牛羊犬等家养动物。对于因家养动物侵权所产生的赔偿责任由其饲养者来承担。赔偿需要一定的途径和方式来实现,宋代赔偿的实现途径主要有司法诉讼程序、民间私了解决纠纷、干系人代偿三种;实现方式具体包括“备而不坐”、“坐而不备”、“又坐又备”三种。与中国古代以刑为主的大背景相联系,宋代的赔偿中加入了刑罚惩罚和行政处罚,使其具有了赔偿责任刑罚化、行政化的特点。赔偿的实现途径和实现方式紧密结合,最大限度的弥补了被侵权人所受损失。赔偿责任的免除,即对责任人赔偿责任的免除,它是赔偿制度的重要组成部分。宋代赔偿责任的免除具体有三种情况,一是因法律上的具体规定而出现,二是当事人自动放弃赔偿要求而出现,三是因蠲免而导致赔偿责任的免除。
[Abstract]:Compensation is an important content of law of human society life, to adjust people's daily disputes, it plays an important role. The Song Dynasty is the development of ancient commodity economy Chinese peak, in the tide of commodity economy under the impact of people's values have changed, which led to the conflict of people in daily life increase, compensation there is an important significance to resolve the dispute.
In ancient China, there was compensation in the West Zhou Dynasty. A complete system was formed in the Song Dynasty, including four parts, the cause of compensation, the type of compensation, the realization of compensation and the exemption of liability.
The contract system developed in Song Dynasty, in relation to this, a lot of arising from breach of contract based on the provisions of compensation exist in the Song Dynasty can be divided into specific compensation for breach of contract and compensation for the appointment of two categories. The infringement is another important reason for the Song Dynasty, which based on tort damages are mainly caused by violations of property rights damages caused by infringement of personal rights and the subject of tort compensation, both for the people, but also horses and sheep dogs and other domestic animal. For damages caused by infringement of the domestic animal borne by the breeders.
Need compensation ways and means to achieve certain compensation, the Song Dynasty the approaches of judicial proceedings, private disputes, stakeholders compensation three; specific implementation including prepared without sitting "," sit, "do not" sit and prepared three kinds of contact with China. In ancient times the penalty in the background, the Song Dynasty in the compensation of adding punishment and administrative punishment, which is the penalty compensation, characteristics of administrative. Combining the channels and patterns of compensation realization, the maximum to make up for the losses suffered by the infringee.
Exempt from liability, which is exempt from liability of the responsible person, it is an important part of the compensation system. From the Song Dynasty liability there are three specific cases, one is caused by the specific provisions of the law, two parties waiver and compensation, three is due to the resulting exemption from liability.

【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：K244

【引证文献】