试析清代乡居进士对地方行政和社会管理的影响

发布时间：2018-01-01 22:02

本文关键词：试析清代乡居进士对地方行政和社会管理的影响　出处：《史林》2015年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：清代进士基本都能选官任职,是社会权力的重要组成部分。在候选、休致以及丁忧、终养等各种休假时期,他们处于离任职状态,亦即所谓"乡居"时期。"乡居"进士多与省、府、州、县等各级官府交往,他们利用权力和社会影响力,较多介入地方行政和社会管理,为地方官出谋划策,帮办地方事务,为本乡土绅士及下层百姓的利益交涉官府,发展家族等基层社会组织。特别是武装动乱和灾荒等非常时期,他们对基层组织的介入程度更为深广。乡居进士对地方行政和社会管理的影响,是官僚政治的延伸,利于地方社会的政治整合,利于中央集权和皇权在社会基层的渗透。
[Abstract]:In the Qing Dynasty, Jin scholars were able to elect officials to hold office, which was an important part of social power. During the period of candidates, recuperation, anxiety, final care and so on, they were in a state of abdication. In other words, the so-called "rural residence" period. "Rural residence" more and more with the provincial, government, state, county and other levels of government exchanges, they use power and social influence, more involved in local administration and social management, for local officials to give advice. Deputy in charge of local affairs, for the interests of the local gentry and the lower people negotiations, the development of the family and other grass-roots social organizations, especially in times of armed turmoil and famine. Their involvement in grass-roots organizations is more extensive. The influence of the village juniors on local administration and social management is the extension of bureaucracy and conducive to the political integration of local society. It is conducive to the infiltration of centralized power and imperial power at the grassroots level of society.
【作者单位】：上海财经大学人文学院;
【基金】：教育部社科基金项目“清代乡居进士与官府交往活动研究”(批准号:07JA770011)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：K249
【正文快照】： 王志明本文主要探讨清代进士非职任时期对基层社会管理的作用,属于绅士问题的研究范畴。关于清代绅士和民间社会关系的研究成果很多,本文则是试图从地方行政和社会管理层面考察作为清代上层绅士的乡居进士社会活动的一般特点,并借此探讨绅士的性质。清代科举所造就的生员、监

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