宋代发运使研究

发布时间：2018-01-02 13:43

本文关键词：宋代发运使研究　出处：《中南民族大学》2008年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 漕运作为一种通过水运征调物资的运输制度,是中国古代封建政权的生命线。漕运机构从开始设置,经过不断的变化与发展,由管理上的简单、临时的设置到宋代发展为完善、稳定的独立机构,即发运司机构的设置。作为发运司机构的长官,发运使“上与三司为表里以给中都,下与转运使相配合”,对上担负着中央的使命,对下负责漕运的调度和转输。发运使除了具有调度转输漕运物资之外,还有辟举监督地方官员的权力,成为宋人所习知的一级监司。甚至该司职权时有扩大,乃至对地方上的茶盐、坑冶铸钱等领域也可进行干预和管理,有时还参与地方的赈济和水利的兴修等。南宋由于地域的限制漕运的路线大为缩小,发运使的职权也逐渐被消弱。总领所建立后,发运使的职权,逐渐被总领所侵占,发运使出现了时罢时置的现象。随着南宋的灭亡,发运使一职也随之消失。总之,发运使的设置完善了宋代漕运体系,使宋代成为中国封建社会漕运发展的一个高峰时期。本文在对宋代之前、宋代的漕运及其管理做简单回顾的基础上,对宋代的发运使的职官沿革、变化、机构设置、运作以及发运使的职能、人事管理,发运使与其他机构的关系等问题予以分析。以深化我们对宋代漕运及宋代漕运管理机制的认识,同时兼及宋代社会政治、经济生活的某些层面。
[Abstract]:As a transportation system, water transportation is the lifeline of the feudal regime in ancient China. The water transport organization was set up from the beginning, after continuous changes and development, the management was simple. Temporary setting up to the Song Dynasty to develop into a perfect, stable independent organization, that is, the establishment of the Department of Shipping. As the head of the Department of Shipping, the dispatch of "the top and the three divisions for the superficial to give to the capital, the next and the transfer of the coordination." It is the responsibility of the central government to dispatch and transfer the transport of water and water. In addition to the dispatch and transportation of goods and materials, there is also the power to supervise local officials. Even the authority of the department has been expanded, even the local tea salt, pit casting money and other fields can also be intervened and managed, sometimes also participate in the local relief and water conservancy construction and so on. In the Southern Song Dynasty, the route of water transportation was greatly reduced, and the power of dispatch was gradually weakened. After the establishment of the master post, the power of dispatch was gradually encroached upon by the master. With the death of the Southern Song Dynasty, the post disappeared. In a word, the setting of the dispatch and transportation made the water transportation system perfect in the Song Dynasty. The Song Dynasty became a peak period for the development of water transportation in the feudal society of China. On the basis of a brief review of the water transportation and its management before the Song Dynasty, this paper makes a brief review of the evolution, changes, institutional setup, operation and the functions and personnel management of the dispatch and transportation of the Song Dynasty. In order to deepen our understanding of the water transportation in Song Dynasty and the management mechanism of water transportation in Song Dynasty, some aspects of social politics and economic life in Song Dynasty were also discussed.
【学位授予单位】：中南民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：K244

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