中原古代陶瓷窑炉实验考古研究

发布时间：2018-02-10 08:13

本文关键词： 中原古代陶瓷窑炉窑炉结构与工艺实验考古　出处：《郑州大学》2012年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：窑炉是陶瓷生产工艺流程中最为关键、重要的部分,“生在选土、长在成型、死活看烧成”形象地道出了窑炉的重要地位。在世界古代的陶瓷发展过程中,中国占据着首屈一指的地位；而在中国的陶瓷发展史上,中原地区的陶瓷在宋代及宋代以前均处于十分重要的地位。本文通过对窑炉考古和研究文献的梳理,从近40年来窑址的考古资料入手,对中原地区制陶遗址中有关窑炉的资料进行一次全面的、初步的整理和总结,并在综合这些资料的基础上,使用类型学的方法对已发表的窑炉资料进行型式的划分,并结合“田野考古”、“科技考古”、“模拟考古”、“实验考古”等方法,对中原地区的窑炉进行整理研究,并讨论中原地区古代陶瓷窑炉的发展过程,描述互相之间技术交流的状况以及对后世产生的不同影响,重要的是对不同种类的窑炉进行复原重构试烧。目的在于使我们对各中原地区陶瓷窑炉发展的总体状况有个明确的认识,并从技术发展的角度去探讨这个地区技术和文化发展的内外原因。结合现有资料,本文主要阐述了以下五个问题：1、分析窑炉结构和人们习俗、生产、生活的联系；2、窑炉结构和装烧工艺的研究对考古发掘中古陶瓷器的历史分期断代开辟了的新途径；3、使用图形排列和数据排列等方法对古窑炉进行了窑炉形式、构造、火焰流向示意等多方面系统的研究；4、利用实验考古和科技考古的方法,把具有时代代表性的窑炉进行复原重构,用实物来研究古代窑炉及其相关问题：5、提出了用一次性薄壳窑烧制秦兵马俑的可行性猜想以及其它问题。文章共分为六章：第一章是界定研究的地域、时间、窑炉的各部分名称概念,以及研究本课题的目的意义、研究方法、及主要内容。并把搜集整理的大量陶瓷文献进行概括,确定自己的研究方向和学习吸收专家老师和前辈们的研究成果。从而充实自己的研究课题。第二章就以我国中原古代陶瓷窑炉为切入点,参考大量的考古发掘资料,采用“田野考古”、“科技考古”和“模拟实验考古”的方法,对陶瓷窑炉的产生发展、结构、建造材料及使用方法、烧成工艺等进行考证研究,从而为揭示中原陶瓷的历史面目提供证据。同时也对涉及的相关其他学科问题进行探讨。是本文的重点章节。第三章是主要介绍中原古陶瓷窑炉的概况,从发掘资料和文献中把中原古陶瓷的渊源、发展理出一个纵向的脉络,归纳总结出中原陶瓷技术发展的轨迹,为研究窑炉发展改进的规律找到依据。第四章是模拟实验,根据前面研究得出的结论进行实地试验,就是模拟古代窑炉,模拟当时的烧造方法进行烧制试验,得到第一手试验资料,验证所得结论的准确性。第五章中笔者认为,中原窑炉的形成与多方面都有关系,它受到洞穴、生活炉灶、生活习俗以及气候等各方面的影响。本章从多方面多角度提供依据和研究思路,以揭示中原古代窑炉的形成发展的真正面目。第六章是终章,就是根据研究讨论的结果提出自己的看法和今后的展望。提出中原陶瓷窑炉与城的关系以及其它需继续展开研究的课题,以开发新的研究视角。
[Abstract]:The kiln is the most critical in the process of ceramic production technology, an important part of students in the selected soil, long in shape, or see the firing "vividly shows the important position in the world. The ancient kiln ceramic development process, China occupies a leading position; and in the history of the development of ceramic Chinese. The Central Plains region of the ceramics are in a very important position in the previous Song Dynasty and Song Dynasty.
Based on the kiln archaeological and research literature, starting from the past 40 years kiln archaeological data, on the Central Plains pottery kiln site data in a comprehensive, preliminary arrangement and summary, and based on these data, using the typology division method for type of published in the kiln data, combined with the "Archaeology", "science and technology" Archaeology ", simulated archaeology", "experimental archaeology", to collate and study the kiln in Henan Province, and discusses the development process of ancient ceramic kilns in the Central Plains, describing the technical exchanges between each other and influence on later generations it is important to the kiln, different restoration reconstruction test firing. The purpose is to make our overall situation of the development of ceramic kiln in the Central Plains have a clear understanding, and from the angle of Technological Development To explore the development of internal and external reasons of technology and culture in this area. Combined with the existing data, this paper mainly discusses the following five questions: 1, analysis of the kiln structure and people custom, production, life; 2, the new way for structure and burning technology of archaeological ceramics history of medieval period and date open the 3, the use of graphics; arrangement and data arrangement method of the kiln kiln furnace on the form, structure, and other aspects of research on flame flow system; 4, using the method of experimental Archaeology and Archaeology of science and technology, the era of representative kiln with restoration reconstruction, using real to study ancient kiln and its related problems 5, put forward the feasibility of conjecture Qin Terracotta Army disposable shell kiln firing and other problems. The article is divided into six chapters:
The first chapter is the definition of the geographical, time, kiln each part of the name of the concept, as well as the research purpose and significance, research methods and main content. And put a lot of ceramic collecting literature summarize, determine the direction of their research and research results of learning teachers and experts so as to enrich research predecessors. Study on their own.
The second chapter on China's Central Plains ancient ceramic kiln as the starting point, reference to a large number of archaeological data, using the "Archaeology", "Archaeology" and "simulations, archaeology" structure on the formation and development of ceramic kilns, building materials and the use of methods, sintering processes of textual research, thus provide evidence to reveal the history of the Central Plains ceramics. At the same time to discuss relevant issues involving other disciplines. Is the focus of this chapter.
The third chapter introduces the general situation of the ancient ceramic kiln in Central Plains. Based on the data and literature, a longitudinal vein is drawn from the origin and development of the Central Plains ancient ceramics, and the track of the development of ceramic technology in Central Plains is summarized, which provides a basis for studying the law of the development and improvement of the kiln.
The fourth chapter is the simulation experiment, field test according to the above research conclusion, is the simulation of ancient kiln fired test simulation method in time, get first-hand data, verifying the accuracy of the results.
In the fifth chapter, is related to the formation of the Central Plains and the kiln, it is the cave, living stove, all aspects of life custom and climate. This chapter from many aspects and provide a basis for research, in order to reveal the true face of the development of the formation of ancient kilns in Central Plains.
The sixth chapter is the final chapter, which is based on the results of research and discussion, and puts forward its own views and future prospects. It puts forward the relationship between ceramic kiln and city in Central Plains and other topics that need further research, so as to develop new research perspective.

【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：TQ174.653;K22

【参考文献】