明代婢女政策与法规的演进及社会内涵

发布时间：2018-02-10 21:57

本文关键词： 婢女演化明代下层妇女　出处：《东北师大学报(哲学社会科学版)》2013年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：在明代身份等级社会中,国家关于婢女的政策与法规有一个发展演化的过程。明太祖朱元璋时期从缓和阶级矛盾为着眼点,立足于扩大国家名义下的劳动力数量,采取坚决推行抑制婢女数量与重申婢女贱民地位的强硬政策。然而,随着社会经济条件的变化,明后世诸帝对婢女政策与法规都做了程度不同的变通,表现为从严禁走向怀柔,由强制转为疏导。这一变化背后具有多重深层的社会内涵:一方面是社会上婢女数量的逆向增长,蓄婢阶层的渐趋广泛以及对蓄婢特权的普遍僭越;另一方面也反映出婢女政策与法规在文本与实践层面之间存在的距离与差异。明代婢女政策与法规的演进特征不仅体现了明代国家处理具体社会秩序方式上的弹性,也表明国家政策与社会实际之间的暗和。
[Abstract]:In the status hierarchy society of the Ming Dynasty, there was a process of development and evolution in the policies and regulations of the state on maidservant. In the period of Zhu Yuanzhang, the Ming Taizu started from easing class contradictions and based on expanding the number of labor forces in the name of the state. The firm policy of restraining the number of maidservants and reiterating the status of untouchable maidservant was resolutely pursued. However, with the change of social and economic conditions, the emperors of the Ming Dynasty made varying degrees of modifications to the policies and regulations of maidservants, which were manifested in the shift from prohibition to gentleness. There are many deep social connotations behind this change: on the one hand, there is the reverse growth of the number of maidservants in the society, the increasing popularity of the maidservant class and the general violation of the privilege of keeping maidservants; On the other hand, it also reflects the distance and difference between the text and practice of the maidservant policies and regulations. The evolving characteristics of the maidservant policies and regulations in the Ming Dynasty not only reflect the flexibility of the state in dealing with the specific social order in the Ming Dynasty. It also shows the hidden harmony between state policy and social reality.
【作者单位】：黑龙江大学明清文学与文化研究中心;
【基金】：国家社科青年基金项目(09CZS026)
【分类号】：D929;K248

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