清代曲阜孔氏家族学术研究

发布时间：2018-03-10 04:28

  本文选题：清代　切入点：曲阜孔氏家族　出处：《华中师范大学》2013年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：孔氏家族是中国历史最为悠久的家族之一,其家学传承亦源远流长。曲阜孔氏家族学术在清代取得了辉煌的成就,其发展经历了雍正以前、乾隆时期、嘉道时期、咸丰以后等四个发展阶段。世居曲阜的地域环境、世代相传的家学渊源、科举仕宦的生活阅历以及特有的孔氏家族制度均对孔氏家族学术的发展产生了一定影响。清代曲阜孔氏家族中学术成就最突出的是孔继汾、孔继涵、孔广林、和孔广森四位学者。 孔继汾在阙里文献研究和孔氏家族礼学研究方面,均取得了一定成就。其阙里文献研究的成就集中在《阙里文献考》一书中,该书是阙里文献类著作中最为详尽的,在对阙里制度的考证、对孔门人物、历代大儒传记的记载以及对对孔氏家族著述的记载方面,均有一定贡献。孔继汾的家族礼学成就主要集中在《孔氏家仪》书中,该书的礼学思想及虽孔氏家族礼仪的研究亦较有特色。可惜孔继汾因《孔氏家仪》这一文字狱案件,不仅受到乾隆帝的严重打击,也使得其子孔广森、孔广林受到牵连,曲阜孔氏家学的发展受到重大挫折。 孔继涵主要在刻印书籍和《水经》学、文字学研究等方面取得了成就。他曾为戴震刊刻《戴氏遗书》、《算经十书》,为传播戴震学术做出了重大贡献。他的《水经释地》、《五经文字疑》、《九经字样疑》等著作,亦对《水经》学、文字学有所贡献。孔继涵与戴震结为儿女亲家,是孔氏学人中第一位融入乾嘉学派者,并为孔广森受业于戴震起到了中介作用。 孔广林主要在辑佚学和礼学研究方面取得了成就。其《通德遗书所见录》,与黄爽、袁钧的辑佚成果,并列为清代辑佚郑玄著作成就最为突出者。其《孔丛伯说经五稿》,则对《周礼》、《仪礼》、《礼记》等三礼均有所研究。 孔广森是清代曲阜孔氏学人中成就最高者,与段玉裁、王念孙、任大椿并称戴震四大弟子。其《春秋公羊经传通义》不仅是清代《公羊传》第一部新疏,其中也包含了肯定“人情”等思想义理。其《大戴礼记补注》与王聘珍《大戴礼记解诂》并列为清代最重要的两部《大戴礼记》新疏。其《诗声类》将古韵分为十八部,是清代重要的古韵分部学说之一,又提出“阴阳对转”的理论。 清代曲阜孔氏家族学术,在清代家学传承方面是一个典型样本,在阙里文献和孔氏家族文献研究方面取得了重要成就,为清代汉学在山东地区发展传播起到了推动作用,作为孔子后人,为弘扬以先圣为代表的儒家学说作出了独特贡献。
[Abstract]:The Confucius family is one of the oldest families in China, and its family inheritance has a long history. The Confucius family of Qufu achieved brilliant achievements in the Qing Dynasty, and its development experienced the period before Yongzheng, Qianlong and Jiadao. After Xianfeng, there are four stages of development. The regional environment of Qufu, the family origin passed down from generation to generation, The life experience of the imperial examination officials and the unique system of the Confucius family had a certain influence on the academic development of the Confucius family. The most outstanding academic achievements of the Confucius family in Qufu in the Qing Dynasty were Kong Jifen, Kong Jihan and Kong Guanglin. And Kong Guangsen four scholars. Kong Jifen has made some achievements in the research of the Chuli literature and the Confucian family ritual study. His achievements in the literature research of the que Li are concentrated in the book "textual examination of the que Li", which is the most detailed in the literature works of the que Li. Some contributions have been made to the textual research of the Querli system, to the characters of Confucius, to the biographies of the great Confucians in the past dynasties, and to the writings of the Confucius family. The achievements of Confucius Jifen's family rites are mainly concentrated in the book "Confucius Family instrument". The book's theory of propriety and the study of Confucius' family etiquette are also more distinctive. Unfortunately, Kong Jifen was not only severely hit by Emperor Qianlong, but also his son, Kong Guangsen, and Kong Guanglin were implicated in the text prison case. The development of Confucius'family school in Qufu suffered a major setback. Kong Jihan was mainly in the printing of books and the study of the Book of Water. He made great contributions to the dissemination of Dai Zhen's academic work, such as Shuijing interpretation, Wujing script doubt, Nine Classics doubt, and other works. Kong Jihan and Dai Zhen were the first scholars to join the Qianjia School and played an intermediary role in the acceptance of Confucius by Dai Zhen. Kong Guanglin has made great achievements in the study of the collection of lost works and the study of ritual studies. His book "Tong-de" and Huang Shuang and Yuan Jun's works on the collection of lost works have made great achievements. It is the most outstanding achievement of Zheng Xuan's works in the Qing Dynasty, whose five manuscripts of Confucius Cunbo's Theory of the Sutra are all studied on the three rites of Zhou Li, Yi Li, Li Ji and so on. Kong Guangsen was the highest achiever among the Confucius scholars in Qufu in the Qing Dynasty, and Duan Yucai, Wang Niansun and Ren Dachun were also known as Dai Zhen's four disciples. His Chun Qiu Gongyang Sutra was not only the first new book in Qing Dynasty. It also includes the affirmation of "human feelings" and other ideological principles. Its "Da Dai Li Ji Supplement Note" and Wang Xuzhen "Da Dai Li Ji explanation" are the two most important parts in Qing Dynasty, "Da Dai Li Ji" is new. Its "Poetry and Sound Category" divides the ancient rhyme into 18 parts. Is one of the important ancient rhyme division theory in Qing Dynasty, and put forward the theory of "Yin and Yang opposite turn". The Confucius family of Qufu in the Qing Dynasty is a typical sample in the inheritance of the family in the Qing Dynasty. It has made important achievements in the research of the Chery literature and the Confucian family document, and has played an important role in promoting the development and dissemination of the Qing Dynasty Sinology in Shandong. As a descendant of Confucius, he made a unique contribution to carry forward the Confucian doctrine represented by the first saint.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：K249

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