清朝对三姓地区统治研究

发布时间：2018-03-11 10:23

本文选题：三姓　切入点：依兰　出处：《中央民族大学》2009年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 三姓,古地名,今黑龙江省依兰县。三姓地区包括今牡丹江流域及松花江下游广袤的地区,是松花江流域重要的水、陆交通要道,也是东北地区的边防重镇、少数民族聚居区。据史料记载,三姓地区在先秦时期就有人类活动的足迹,肃慎等北方少数民族长期生活在这片广袤的土地上,过着漂泊不定的渔猎生活。自唐代开始在此设治以来,历代王朝对这一地区的管理、建设不断加强。特别是清朝满族入主中原以后,清政府对于三姓地区的统治日益完善。从开始的实行八旗一元化、军政合一的管理体制,逐渐转变为旗民双重体制,最后变为与内地一样的管理民政的行省县制,使这一地区成为清政府辖区的重要一部分。由于三姓地区在历代统辖东北地区中的重要性,古今出现不少关于该地区历史、民族、文化记载的书籍,因此国内外学者对三姓地区历史地理、民族文化的研究成果也层出不穷。特别是对清朝三姓副都统时期的政治、经济、民族等统治制度,有着深刻的研究,使我们对三姓历史、当地赫哲族等少数民族的情况有了一定的了解。三姓地区悠久的历史,重要的地理位置和独特的民族文化,使其成为我们对东北历史及民族史的研究中不可忽略的一部分,对三姓地区史地的研究具有重要的文化认知价值和历史意义。本文拟就清朝对三姓地区统治政策及其前后变化进行研究,以空间为线,以时间为翼。重点探讨清朝前期三姓副都统衙门的设置及对当地的统治,驿站的设置、管理,对少数民族居民各项政治、经济管理政策;着重分析了清朝后期对三姓地区统治政策的变化,撤副都统衙门、建立府县的背景,移民开垦过程及清统治给当地社会、民族带来的影响等问题。意在通过对三姓地区在清朝时期史地的考察研究中,明晰清代对三江流域特别是三姓地区政治、经济、民族的管理政策及影响,探索研究三姓史地中蕴含的特有的民族历史与文化。由于历史学与语言学、地理学、文献学、民族学、考古学、测绘学等学科有着不可分割的关系,因此在探索研究中我们需要广泛吸收、应用这些科学所采用的研究方法和理论成果。进行清朝对三姓地区统治的研究,作者首先搜集了大量的古代文献资料、地方志,十分重视历史档案资料,而且广泛吸收了今人对三姓历史文化研究的观点、成果。本文在研究过程中,还利用了大量民族学、地图学、考古学的研究成果进行考证研究,广泛吸收相邻学科的新思想、新成果。通过不同时代测绘的地图对比,不仅可以发现三姓地区建置的变化,而且对了解当地各民族分布、迁徙路线更为直观,是本文对清代三姓移民研究中必不可缺的重要方法。希望本文能使我们对三姓地区在清代时期的政治、经济、民族、文化等方面有更进一步的了解,帮助我们更好的认知清朝对整个东北边疆地区的统治政策。
[Abstract]:Three surnames, ancient place names, and today's Yilan County in Heilongjiang Province. The three surname areas include the Mudanjiang River Basin and the vast area of the lower reaches of the Songhua River. They are important water and land transportation routes in the Songhua River Basin, and are also important border control towns in the Northeast. Areas inhabited by ethnic minorities. According to historical records, the three surname areas had footprints of human activities in the pre-Qin period, and the northern minorities such as Su-Shen lived on this vast land for a long time. Living a life of wandering fishing and hunting. Since the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, the administration and construction of this area have been strengthened by successive dynasties, especially since the Manchu people took over the Central Plains in the Qing Dynasty. The Qing government's rule over the three surname areas was increasingly perfect. From the beginning of the implementation of the "eight banners" unified, the unity of military and government management system, gradually changed to the "flag and people" dual system, and finally changed to the same civil administration of the provincial county system, as in the mainland. This region became an important part of the Qing government area. Due to the importance of the three family names in the Northeast region, there were many books about the history, nationality and culture of the region. As a result, scholars at home and abroad have produced endless research results on the historical geography and ethnic culture of the three surnames, especially on the political, economic, national and other ruling systems during the period of the three surnames of the three surnames in the Qing Dynasty, which has made us study the history of the three surnames. The long history, important geographical location and unique national culture of the three surname areas make them a part of our research on the history of the Northeast and the national history. The study on the history and geography of the three-surnamed regions has important cultural cognitive value and historical significance. This paper intends to study the policy of the three surnames in the Qing Dynasty and its changes before and after, taking space as the line and time as the wing. It focuses on the setting up of the Yamen of the three surnames in the early Qing Dynasty, as well as the local rule, the setting up of the post station, and the management. Focusing on the political and economic management policies of the ethnic minority residents, this paper analyzes the changes in the policy of governing the region with three surnames in the late Qing Dynasty, the removal of the deputy capital as the government, the establishment of the background of the prefectures, the process of resettlement and reclamation, and the Qing rule over the local society. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the policy and influence of the Qing Dynasty on the political, economic and ethnic management of the Sanjiang River Basin, especially the three surname areas, through the investigation and study of the three surname regions in the Qing Dynasty. Explore and study the unique national history and culture contained in the history and land of the three surnames. Since history is inextricably related to linguistics, geography, philology, ethnology, archaeology, surveying and mapping and so on, we need to absorb it extensively in our exploration and research. Using the research methods and theoretical results adopted by these sciences, the author first collected a large amount of ancient documents, local chronicles, and attached great importance to historical archives, in order to study the rule of the three surname regions in the Qing Dynasty. Moreover, it has extensively absorbed the views and achievements of modern people on the study of history and culture of the three surnames. In the course of the research, this paper also made use of a large number of ethnology, cartography, and archaeology to carry out textual research and research, and extensively absorbed the new ideas of neighboring disciplines. New achievements. By comparing maps of different times of surveying and mapping, we can not only find the changes in the construction of the three surname areas, but also be more intuitive in understanding the distribution of local nationalities and migration routes. This paper is an indispensable and important method in the study of the migration of the three surnames in the Qing Dynasty. I hope this article will enable us to have a better understanding of the political, economic, ethnic and cultural aspects of the three surname areas in the Qing Dynasty. To help us better understand the Qing Dynasty throughout the Northeast Border region of the ruling policy.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K249

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