考行易名:宋朝官员谥法研究

发布时间：2018-03-13 12:42

本文选题：宋朝　切入点：谥法　出处：《郑州大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2014年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：中国古代官员的谥号是对官员死后盖棺定论性的评价,达到一定级别或个别业绩突出的官员才有资格获得。为了对官员"别尊卑"和"劝善惩恶",宋朝对官员的给谥资格和给谥程序做出了严格的规定。但宋朝党争激烈,不同派系轮番执政,官员的谥号也随之出现了追、改、夺的情况。南宋初年为鼓励文武官员抗金,一度放宽了对官员赐谥的资格要求,对在北宋末、南宋初抗金斗争中忠贞不屈的官员,则突破谥法限制给予了追谥或特赐谥号。但由于中国古代儒家文化为亲者讳、为尊者讳的社会传统,加上议谥、定谥过程中的人情因素,特别是专制权力的滥用,宋朝谥法实施过程中问题也不少,其中最大的问题是美谥泛滥,甚至善恶颠倒,这在宋高宗对汪伯彦和李纲赐谥方面的厚此薄彼中表现得最为突出,从而使得宋朝谥法劝善惩恶的实际作用大打折扣。
[Abstract]:The posthumous title of an official in ancient China is a definitive assessment of the death of an official. Only officials who have attained a certain rank or individual outstanding achievements can be qualified. In order to "not be inferior" to officials and "to persuade them to do good and punish evil", the Song Dynasty made strict regulations on the procedures for giving posthumous titles and posthumous titles to officials. Different factions have been in power in turn, and the posthumous title of officials has followed, changed and taken away. In the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, in order to encourage civil and military officials to resist gold, they once relaxed the qualification requirements for the posthumous title of officials, and at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, The officials who were loyal and unyielding in the struggle against gold in the early Southern Song Dynasty broke through the restrictions of posthumous title or posthumous title. However, due to the fact that the Confucian culture of ancient China was a taboo for those who were close to them and the social tradition of taboo for those who respected them, plus the discussion of the posthumous title, it was a human factor in the process of determining posthumous title. In particular, the abuse of autocratic power and the implementation of posthumous posthumous titles in the Song Dynasty also had many problems, the biggest of which was the proliferation of beauty and posthumous titles, and even the reversal of good and evil. This was most prominent in Song Gao-zong 's favoritism over Wang Boyan and Li Gangfu's posthumous title. So that the Song Dynasty posthumous law to dissuade good and punish evil in practice greatly reduced.
【作者单位】：河北大学宋史研究中心;
【基金】：2012年教育部人文社会科学规划基金项目“宋朝地方官员考核制度研究”(项目号:12YJA770011)
【分类号】：K244

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