乾隆时期的粮食问题及政府对策

发布时间：2018-03-13 12:30

本文选题：乾隆时期　切入点：粮食短缺　出处：《郑州大学》2004年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：粮食问题是关系国计民生的重大问题。在以农为本的封建社会，粮食问题历来受到封建政府的高度重视。乾隆时期，中国的社会经济虽然取得了很大成就，但粮食短缺却成为日益严重的社会问题。本文就以乾隆时期的粮食短缺问题为研究对象，从这一时期粮食短缺的表现、危害、原因及政府对策和对策产生的效果等方面入手，对乾隆时期的粮食问题作一系统论述。全国性粮食价格地不断上涨和各地抢米闹粮风潮地频繁发生是这一时期粮食短缺的主要表现。粮食的短缺，给乾隆政府的统治和社会稳定及社会经济的发展带来了很大危害。面对日益严重的粮食问题，乾隆政府首先对引起粮食短缺的原因进行了全面探讨，认为：官方控粮过多，人口的急剧增加，人均占有耕地减少，酿酒、奢靡和自然灾害等是造成粮食短缺的主要原因。乾隆政府积极采取措施加以应对，这些措施包括了与粮食相关的生产、流通、消费等各个方面。这些措施的施行取得了一定的效果，但由于种种原因，，有些措施也带来了一些不利影响，因而对这些措施应一分为二的看待。乾隆政府解决粮食短缺的措施之所以能取得一定成效，与乾隆政府对粮食问题的高度重视性、实行措施的全面性和务实性有很大关系，这也是值得借鉴的地方。但由于阶级和时代的局限，乾隆政府在处理粮食问题时没有也不可能把控制人口政策和粮食问题结合起来，实现两者的协调解决；同时由于措施执行过程中缺乏统筹兼顾，没有把握好正确的度，使一些措施实行的效果打了折扣。通过对乾隆政府解决粮食短缺问题所采取措施的全面考察，为我们更好处理当今面临的相关粮食问题提供了一些启示。
[Abstract]:The grain problem is a major issue related to the national economy and the people's livelihood. In the feudal society based on agriculture, the grain issue has always been highly valued by the feudal government. In the Qianlong period, although China's social economy made great achievements, However, food shortage has become an increasingly serious social problem. This paper takes the food shortage in Qianlong period as the research object, starting with the manifestation, harm, causes and the effect of the government's countermeasures and countermeasures during this period. The grain problem of Qianlong period is discussed systematically. The rising national grain prices and frequent waves of grain-grain-grain-grain-grain-grain-grain-grain-grain-grain-grain-grain-grain-grain-grain-grain-grabbing areas throughout the country are the main manifestations of food shortage in this period. The Qianlong government brought great harm to the reign of Qianlong government, social stability and the development of social economy. In the face of the increasingly serious food problem, the Qianlong government first conducted a comprehensive discussion on the causes of the food shortage, and held that the government controlled too much grain. The sharp increase in population, the decrease in the per capita occupation of cultivated land, the reduction of cultivated land per capita, breweries, extravagance and natural disasters are the main causes of food shortage. The Qianlong government took active measures to deal with this problem, including grain related production and circulation. Consumption and other aspects. These measures have achieved certain results, but due to various reasons, some measures also brought some adverse effects, so we should treat these measures in two. The Qianlong government's measures to solve the food shortage have achieved certain results, which has a great bearing on the importance that the Qianlong government attaches to the grain problem, and on the comprehensiveness and practicality of implementing the measures. However, because of the limitation of class and times, Qianlong government did not and could not combine the policy of population control with the problem of grain when dealing with the problem of grain, and realized the coordination of the two problems. At the same time, due to the lack of overall consideration in the implementation of the measures and the lack of assurance of the correct degree, the effect of some measures has been compromised. Through a comprehensive inspection of the measures taken by the Qianlong government to solve the food shortage problem, For us to better deal with today's food problems faced with some enlightenment.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：K249.3

【引证文献】