宋代宗族发展的区域差异及其原因

发布时间：2018-03-17 11:26

本文选题：宋代　切入点：宗族　出处：《安徽史学》2013年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：在唐宋变革的社会大背景下,宋代宗族处于明显的变动过程中。这种变动过程,在不同区域内又表现出各自的特点。北方地区传统上是宗族势力相对比较强的地区,但进入宋代,宗族形态相对松散,在新式宗族组织形态建设方面,明显落后于东南地区。其特点是:崇尚同居共财,注重亲族间的经济互助;祖先崇拜观念较强,注重宗族成员间的亲情关系;宗族关系与乡党关系相纠缠,血缘关系与其他社会关系相纠缠;富贵家庭在宗族中具有较强的号召力和凝聚力。东南地区在宋代"敬宗收族"宗族组织的建设方面表现突出,新的组织方式和手段不断涌现并得以迅速发展,比较明显地具有以下特点:宗族聚族而居比较明显;宗族公有财产建设成效显著,注重以经济手段收族;宗族组织手段较为齐备。四川地区由于特殊的地理位置和社会历史原因,在宗族发展方面有其自己的特点:宗族内部具有较强的人身依附关系;宗族注重在社会上的等级地位,有较强的门阀等级意识;宗族组织手段相对齐全。宗族发展的地区差异,其形成原因主要是唐中叶以来社会经济关系发展的不平衡,传统政治观念和社会习俗的影响,人口迁徙带来的多种影响以及地理环境和经济开发情况不同对宗族社会功能的不同要求。
[Abstract]:In the social background of the Tang and Song dynasties, the clan of the Song Dynasty is in a process of obvious change. This process of change shows its own characteristics in different regions. The northern region is traditionally a region with relatively strong clan influence. However, in the Song Dynasty, the form of clan was relatively loose, and the construction of new type of clan organization was obviously lagging behind that of Southeast region. Its characteristics were: advocating cohabitation and sharing wealth, paying attention to economic mutual aid between relatives, and having a strong concept of ancestor worship. Pay attention to the kinship relationship among the clan members, the clan relation and the township party relationship, the blood relation and the other social relations entangled; The rich and noble families have strong appeal and cohesion in the clan. The southeast area is outstanding in the construction of the clan organizations of "Jingzong and clan" in the Song Dynasty, and new organizational ways and means have been emerging and developing rapidly. It has the following characteristics: the clansmen live together and live obviously, the construction of the public property of the clan is remarkable, and the attention is paid to the collection of the clan by economic means; Because of its special geographical location and social and historical reasons, the Sichuan region has its own characteristics in the development of the clan: there is a strong personal attachment within the clan, and the clan pays attention to the hierarchical position in the society. Having a strong sense of hierarchy, relatively complete means of clan organization, regional differences in clan development, mainly due to the imbalance in the development of social and economic relations since the middle of the Tang Dynasty, the influence of traditional political ideas and social customs, The influence of population migration and the different demands of geographical environment and economic development on the social function of clan.
【作者单位】：西北大学历史学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地南开大学中国社会史研究中心重大招标项目《宋以后宗族形态的演进与社会变迁》的阶段性成果,项目编号为06JJD840008
【分类号】：K244

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