官制、语言与司法——清代刑部满汉官权力之消长

发布时间：2018-05-07 08:12

本文选题：刑部 + 官制　；参考：《法学家》2013年02期

【摘要】："满汉复设"是清代官制的突出特色之一,但在刑部这样具有相当特殊性的部门里,满汉官权力的配置及其运作实态如何?对此,由于清廷粉饰遮掩,讳莫如深,令研究者常有资料不足征之憾。本文借助所见史料,从语言和人事政策两个角度试做探讨,粗线条地勾勒出清代刑部满汉官权力消长的大致脉络,展现了从清初满官垄断刑部到晚清出现的所谓"专家掌部"现象的反差。尽管清廷一再重申"国语骑射"等崇满抑汉的民族歧视政策,以期维持统治民族的向心力,但是,伴随着无法阻挡的族群融合及制度文化发展的内在趋势,司法领域内追求审判公平及专业化的潮流,最终还是冲破了种族和语言的藩篱。
[Abstract]:"Manchu and Han Restoration" is one of the prominent features of the official system in the Qing Dynasty, but in such a special department as the Ministry of torture, how about the disposition and operation of the Manchu and Han officials' power? Because of the obscurity of the Qing government, researchers often lack of information. With the help of the historical data, this paper tries to discuss from the perspective of language and personnel policy, and outlines roughly the general context of the rise and fall of the power of the Han officials in the Qing Dynasty. It shows the contrast of the phenomenon of "experts in charge" from the monopoly of the Manchu officials in the early Qing Dynasty to the late Qing Dynasty. Although the Qing government repeatedly reiterated the "mandarin riding" and other ethnic discrimination policies, such as "mandarin riding" and so on, in order to maintain the centripetal force of the ruling nation, it was accompanied by the inexorable trend of ethnic integration and the development of institutional culture. The pursuit of fair and professional trial in the judicial field finally broke through the barriers of race and language.
【作者单位】：清华大学法学院;
【基金】：作者主持的清华大学自主科研计划“清代法制上的满汉斗争”(课题编号:2012WKZD001)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：K249;D924;D929

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