清朝羽翎制度渊源考论

发布时间：2018-05-07 18:57

本文选题：清朝 + 满族　；参考：《中国国家博物馆馆刊》2014年09期

【摘要】：每个朝代的衣冠之制,不但是权力的象征,而且事关帝国的合法性与皇权的神圣性。古代帝王在自己的冕服上所寄注的思想、意志、情感一览无余。古代羽翎作为冠冕佩饰,一般是帽后飘摆。据目前所见文献记载和考古发现,羽翎作为配饰刚开始固有其等级象征意义,但未成定制。汉代文献记载,从战国时代赵武灵王到秦汉皇帝,皆有将羽毛赐予武将作帽盔装饰以示英武之举。北朝时期出现了用山雉尾条装饰头盔的情况。元明之际朝鲜的李朝流行的汉语教科书中也出现了鸬鹚羽毛制成翎子以做装饰的记载。到了明代,官服冠冕始缀天鹅翎。清初的文献记载从侧面证明羽翎佐饰冠冕的观念仍存在。清代羽翎作为冠冕佩饰,带有深深的萨满文化烙印。在古代经学礼制构建视野中,冕制流变始终重视"义本礼经",这也是清朝正统意识和新政心态的重要体现。其冕服制度设计深受入主中原的少数民族政权服制经验和制度创建程式的影响。花翎作为官服配饰也体现着奖惩的示范意义,有着重要的制度规范导向。
[Abstract]:The system of dress and crown of each dynasty is not only the symbol of power, but also the legitimacy of empire and the sanctity of imperial power. The thought, will, and emotion of ancient emperors in their coronation. Ancient plume as a crown ornaments, generally the back of the cap floating pendulum. According to the literature records and archaeological findings, plume as an accessory at the beginning of its level of symbolic significance, but not customized. In Han Dynasty, from King Zhao Wuling of warring States period to Emperor of Qin and Han Dynasty, feathers were given to Wu General as hat helmet decoration to show his heroic action. In the Northern Dynasty, the helmet was decorated with the tail of the mountain pheasant. During the Yuan and Ming dynasties, Korean Li Dynasty popular Chinese textbooks also showed cormorant feathers as feathers for decoration. In the Ming Dynasty, the crown of the official uniform began to suffix the swan Ling. The literature records in the early Qing Dynasty proved that the idea of feathering crown still existed. As a crown decoration, the plume of Qing Dynasty had a deep shaman culture. In the vision of the construction of the ancient Confucian ethics system, the crown system always attached importance to the "Yi Ben Li Jing", which was also an important embodiment of the orthodox consciousness and the new policy mentality of the Qing Dynasty. The design of its coronation system was deeply influenced by the experience of the ethnic minority regime and the system creation program. Hualing, as an accessory to official clothes, also embodies the demonstration meaning of rewards and punishments, and has important system standard guidance.
【作者单位】：郑州大学历史学院;
【分类号】：K249

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