明代经济监察

发布时间：2018-05-09 07:54

本文选题：明代 + 经济监察法规　；参考：《湘潭大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 明朝是在元末农民大起义推翻元朝的基础上建立的封建王朝,鉴于元亡的教训,明朝统治者总结前朝的经验,对监察体制和法规作了进一步的发展和完善,并充分运用改造后的监察系统对经济实行监控。它不仅为中央监控各级政府的财政收支、钱粮出纳等财经行为设置了细密的监察网络,同时,又以派遣御史出巡的方式让中央的监察效力直达地方基层,构建起信息的快速通达通道,为中央掌握地方经济建设的第一手信息提供便利。御史们被赋予了强大的执行权力,对于犯有贪墨问题的地方官员有弹劾权力,对于地方经济建设有直接指导规划能力。明代经济监察制度保证了国家经济发展,也维护了政府财政的清明。其所确认的监察体制、基本原则、基本规范,以及体系的建构、立法技术的成就、实际运行的可操作性等等,都是世界古代法制史上所少有的。本文从明代众多的监察法规中抽出经济监察法规,以都察院、六科给事中、提刑按察司的顺序进行阐述和分析,力争做到每个监察部门都能有一个从职责描述、行使方式到事毕回报的完整的描述,并在法条的基础上查阅明代的经济史料,希望能够以经济史料说明和印证经济监察制度运行的情况,并简单评估其绩效。本文从制度设计和运作方式两个层面分析总结了明代经济监察的特点。从制度设计层面看,明代的经济监察具有主体多重、职权交叉;独立监察、任期限制的特点并且监察法规细密而分散。从经济监察运作层面看,其监察的成效取决于皇帝,针对性强,监察信息通达而有效。最后指出明代的经济监察为维护整个王朝的稳定和发展发挥了一定的作用,在明代高度集权体制下构建和运作的经济监察制度,到今天仍有我们值得参考和借鉴的地方。
[Abstract]:The Ming Dynasty was established on the basis of the peasant uprising at the end of the Yuan Dynasty to overthrow the Yuan Dynasty. In view of the lessons of the Yuan Dynasty, the rulers of the Ming Dynasty summed up the experience of the previous dynasties and made further development and improvement of the supervisory system and laws and regulations. And the full use of the transformation of the monitoring system to monitor the economy. It has not only set up a close supervisory network for financial and economic activities such as central monitoring of government revenue and expenditure at all levels, money and grain cashiers, etc., but at the same time, by sending imperial history to the local grassroots, it has also sent the central government's supervision effectiveness to the local grass-roots level. It is convenient for the central government to grasp the first-hand information of local economic construction by constructing a fast access to information. They are given strong executive powers, impeachment powers for local officials who commit corruption, and direct planning for local economic construction. The economic supervision system of Ming Dynasty ensured the development of national economy and maintained the clarity of government finance. The supervisory system, the basic principles, the basic norms, the construction of the system, the achievements of the legislative technology, the operability of the actual operation and so on, are rare in the history of the ancient legal system in the world. This article draws economic supervision regulations from the numerous supervision laws and regulations of the Ming Dynasty, and elaborates and analyzes the order of the judicial department of the court and six sections of the court, in order to make every supervisory department have a description of its duties. This paper gives a complete description of the return to the end of the work, and looks up the economic historical data of the Ming Dynasty on the basis of the articles of law, hoping to explain and confirm the operation of the economic supervision system with the economic historical data, and simply evaluate its performance. This paper analyzes and summarizes the characteristics of economic supervision in Ming Dynasty from two aspects of system design and operation mode. From the aspect of system design, the economic supervision in Ming Dynasty has many main bodies, overlapping functions and powers, independent supervision, the characteristics of tenure limit, and the fine and scattered supervision laws and regulations. From the operational aspect of economic supervision, the effectiveness of supervision depends on the emperor, strong pertinence and effective supervision information. Finally, it is pointed out that the economic supervision of the Ming Dynasty has played a certain role in maintaining the stability and development of the whole dynasty. The economic supervision system constructed and operated under the highly centralized system of the Ming Dynasty is still worthy of our reference and reference today.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：K248

【参考文献】