试论明永乐时期汉藏之间的关系

发布时间：2018-05-11 08:19

本文选题：明朝 + 治藏政策　；参考：《中央民族大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 元朝覆灭后,明统治者在稳固了自身政权后便开始把治理目光投向藏区事务。而当时北元势力据守大漠南北,对明朝的边防构成了极大的威胁,所以这一时期明朝只能将政治尤其是军事的重心布置于沿长城一线的“九边”地区。因此这一历史背景就深刻地影响到了明朝对西藏(包括其他藏区)的统治。本文试图在挖掘史学资料的基础上,系统性地论述永乐皇帝如何在短短22年时间内(1403—1424年),延承了元代以及明太祖时期的治藏政策并加以完善,通过“多封众建”政策的推行,最终巩固了中央政府在乌思藏及其它藏区的统治权;分析永乐皇帝如何根据当时的社会状况对西藏的行政建制、宗教事务、经济文化等多方面进行改革整顿,从而实现了藏区社会的稳定,并促使各教派之间相互约束,从而创造出了一个相对自由、宽松的竞争环境,为汉藏之间的经济、文化交流营造了一个良好的政治氛围。全文从内容上分为五部分,第一部分简要叙述明太祖在藏族地区的招抚政策以及都司、卫所的行政部署。第二部分将论述当时西藏内部的政教形势、永乐皇帝对藏区针对性的世俗化治理,以及他如何在太祖基础上进一步完善了明政府在藏区的行政设置。第三部分是本文重点,将详细考察中央政府在藏区推行“多封众建”政策、分封各大僧俗势力及要人,以及对其宗教的优抚等措施。第四部分从茶马贸易和朝贡两方面来总结这一时期汉藏之间经济的交流模式与历史影响。第五部分简要探讨永乐一朝,汉藏之间以政治、宗教为平台,双方之间的文化交流状况。
[Abstract]:After the fall of the Yuan Dynasty, the rulers of the Ming Dynasty began to look to Tibetan affairs after stabilizing their own political power. At that time, the Northern Yuan forces held the north and south of the desert, which posed a great threat to the border defense of the Ming Dynasty, so the Ming Dynasty could only lay the center of gravity of politics, especially military affairs, on the "Nine sides" area along the Great Wall line. As a result, this historical background profoundly affected the Ming Dynasty's rule over Tibet (including other Tibetan areas). On the basis of excavating the historical data, this paper systematically discusses how the Emperor Yongle managed to control Tibet in 1403-1424 years in a short period of 22 years, extending and perfecting the Tibetan control policies of the Yuan Dynasty and the Ming Taizu period. Through the implementation of the policy of "multi-party building", the central government ultimately consolidated the ruling power of the central government in Wusi Tibet and other Tibetan areas; and analyzed how the Emperor Yongle gave Tibet's administrative and religious affairs according to the prevailing social conditions at that time. Economic and cultural reform and rectification in many aspects have achieved social stability in the Tibetan region and promoted mutual restraint among various sects, thus creating a relatively free and relaxed competitive environment for the economy between China and Tibet. Cultural exchanges have created a good political atmosphere. The paper is divided into five parts from the content. The first part briefly describes the policy of the Ming Taizu in Tibetan areas, as well as the administrative arrangements of Dusi and Wei Institute. The second part will discuss the political and religious situation in Tibet at that time, Yongle Emperor's targeted secularization of the Tibetan area, and how he further improved the administrative settings of the Ming government in the Tibetan area on the basis of Taizu. The third part is the focal point of this paper, which will investigate in detail the measures of the central government to carry out the policy of "multi-letter and mass building" in Tibetan areas, to divide the major monks and customs forces and important people, and to give preferential treatment to their religion, and so on. The fourth part summarizes the economic exchange mode and historical influence between Han and Tibet in this period from the aspects of tea and horse trade and tribute. The fifth part briefly discusses the cultural exchange between Han and Tibetan on the platform of politics and religion.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：K248

【引证文献】