移民实边:东北近代化进程中的催化剂——兼论人口增加对东北近代化的影响

发布时间：2018-05-16 06:19

  本文选题：移民实边 + 人口增加　； 参考：《学习与探索》2014年06期

【摘要】："移民实边"是清季一项颇有影响的边疆政策。清朝建立后,在东北地区分别设立奉天、吉林、黑龙江三将军,实行军府制度;在陪都盛京设立五部,凡东北地区旗务统归将军和五部官员会商处理;设立州县,州县长官负责处理汉族事务,即采取旗、民分治的政策。到了近代,列强对东北地区的觊觎和东北地区动荡不安,造成了严重的边疆危机,使东北地区军事近代化的紧迫性被清朝统治者所认知。为了抵制列强对东北地区的侵略,加强对东北边疆地区的控制,维护东北边疆地区的稳定和发展,清政府采取了以旗、民分治和练军为主的改革。除加强东北地区的边防力量外,还采取"移民实边"的手段,加强对东北地区的控制。大量移民迁入东北地区,官庄旗地逐渐向民地转化,冲击了东北地区原有的封建土地关系;大量移民的迁入,筑起了一道防御外敌入侵的坚实屏障,而人口的增加又有益于加快东北地区近代化的速度。
[Abstract]:Immigration is an influential frontier policy in Qing Dynasty. After the establishment of the Qing Dynasty, three generals, Fengtian, Jilin and Heilongjiang, were set up in the Northeast region, respectively, to implement the military government system; five units were set up in Shengjing, the dowry capital, where the flag affairs in the Northeast region were returned to the general and five officials to discuss and deal with the matter; and the prefectures and counties were set up. The state and county chief is responsible for handling Han affairs, that is, adopting the policy of banners and the division of the people. In modern times, the powers coveted the Northeast and caused a serious crisis in the Northeast, which made the urgency of military modernization in the Northeast recognized by the rulers of the Qing Dynasty. In order to resist the invasion of the Northeast region, strengthen the control of the Northeast Frontier region, and maintain the stability and development of the Northeast Frontier region, the Qing government adopted the reform of the flag, the division of the people and the training of the army. In addition to strengthening the border defense forces in Northeast China, it also adopts the means of "immigrating real border" to strengthen the control over Northeast China. A large number of immigrants moved into the Northeast region, and the Guanzhuang Banner area gradually transformed to the people's land, which impacted the feudal land relations of the Northeast region, and the emigration of a large number of immigrants built a solid barrier against the invasion of foreign enemies. The increase in population is beneficial to speed up the pace of modernization in Northeast China.
【作者单位】： 哈尔滨工业大学人文与社会科学学院;
【分类号】：K249
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本文编号：1895792