“君子行礼,不求变俗”:清代考据学的社会性格

发布时间：2018-05-20 00:41

本文选题：考据学 + 理学　；参考：《清史研究》2013年01期

【摘要】：从"社会性格"的视角看,清代考据学相较于宋明理学具有两个鲜明特点:其一,传统的"行道"之途在清代虽已阻断,但考据学预设"道"在古经之中,必通文字训诂方能得道,以此高峻的得道门槛为士人保留了一个相对自由的"守道"空间;其二,清儒有其特殊的"行道"方式,他们已不是如宋、明儒那样直接在民间布"道",而是在自己所求之"道"与所布于民间的"教化"之间做出了细致的区分;他们虽希望以"礼"来教化民间,但这个施行于民间的"礼"却往往未曾与他们在经书中发现的"道"趋于一致。基于此两点,杨念群《何处是江南》一书的核心观点——清代士林思想在清朝严酷控制的氛围下以难以自足的状态存活下去,而越来越成为清廷整体政治规划的一个组成部分——就值得反思了。
[Abstract]:From the perspective of "social character", the textual research of Qing Dynasty has two distinct characteristics compared with Song Ming. First, although the traditional path of "practicing Tao" has been blocked in the Qing Dynasty, the textual research presupposes "Tao" in the ancient classics. In order to get the Tao, the high threshold of obtaining the Tao reserved a relatively free space for the scholars to "keep the Tao"; second, the Qing Confucianism had its special "way of practicing", and they were no longer like the Song Dynasty. The Confucianism of the Ming Dynasty made a careful distinction between the "Tao" and the "enlightenment" of the people they asked for, although they hoped to enlighten the people with "propriety". But this folk ritual is often not consistent with the Tao they find in the scriptures. Based on these two points, Yang Nianqun's "where is the South of the Yangtze River" is the core point of view that the Schelin thought of the Qing Dynasty survived in a state of difficult self-sufficiency in the atmosphere of the harsh control of the Qing Dynasty. And more become a part of the overall political planning of the Qing Dynasty-it is worth reflection.
【作者单位】：四川大学历史文化学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学研究西部和边疆地区项目《文化生态的变迁与清代儒学社会性格的形成》(项目批准号:11XJC770006)的中期研究成果
【分类号】：K249;B249

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