14至17世纪西域绿洲农业经济的曲折发展及原因

发布时间：2018-05-24 15:42

本文选题：西域 + 农业经济　；参考：《中国经济史研究》2014年02期

【摘要】：14至17世纪,西域农业经济发展总体呈现出曲折发展的态势,先后经历了初期的严重衰退、中期的逐步恢复以及后期的加速发展三个阶段。同时,天山以南绿洲农业经济的恢复发展早于天山以北地区,而且规模也更大。究其原因,不难发现,这一时期西域气候由暖转寒进入小冰期,并发生阶段性的冷暖干湿变化,是给农业生产造成较大影响的重要自然原因。而由气候变动等因素诱发的西域、中亚政治经济动荡则是影响农业经济发展的重要社会原因。总之,在生态脆弱、绿洲规模狭小分散的西域地区,绿洲农业经济受到自然、社会因素的影响极大。而只有通过积极应对,加强与中原等地区的农业技术、品种交流,稳定西域政治经济关系,才能实现西域农业经济的恢复发展。
[Abstract]:From the 14th to the 17th century, the development of agricultural economy in the Western region showed a tortuous development trend, which experienced three stages, namely, the severe recession in the early stage, the gradual recovery in the middle period and the accelerated development in the later period. At the same time, the recovery and development of the oasis agricultural economy in the south of Tianshan is earlier than that in the north of Tianshan, and the scale is larger. It is not difficult to find out that during this period the climate in the western region changed from warm to cold to small ice age, and the periodic change of cold and warm dry and wet was an important natural reason for the great influence on agricultural production. The political and economic turbulence in Central Asia is an important social reason to affect the development of agricultural economy, which is induced by climate change and other factors. In a word, in the western region where the ecology is fragile and the scale of oasis is narrow and scattered, the oasis agricultural economy is greatly influenced by natural and social factors. Only by actively coping, strengthening the agricultural technology and variety exchange with the Central Plains and stabilizing the political and economic relations in the Western region can the recovery and development of the agricultural economy in the Western region be realized.
【作者单位】：石河子大学兵团屯垦戍边研究中心;
【基金】：国家社科重大招标项目《环塔里木历史文化资源调查与研究》(11&ZD099) 教育部人文社会科学研究新疆项目《新疆发展稳定与国家政策扶持研究》(10XJJCZH004) 新疆生产建设兵团社科基金青年项目《元明时期西域农业经济研究》(13QN05)的阶段性成果石河子大学211工程重点学科建设项目资助
【分类号】：F329;K23

【参考文献】