北魏均田制颁行时间再议

发布时间：2018-06-03 23:47

本文选题：北魏均田制 + 三长制　；参考：《烟台大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2014年05期

【摘要】：关于北魏均田制的颁行时间,魏收于北齐初年所撰《魏书》之《高祖纪上》载孝文帝太和九年十月丁未下诏颁布均田制,《食货志》亦载太和九年诏行均田,其后相关文献的记载均无歧异。同书《李安世传》载其所上疏中有"三长既立,始返旧墟"及"后均田之制起于此矣",而《高祖纪下》载太和十年二月甲戌初立三长。对于这一矛盾,现代学者就均田、三长两制的实施究竟孰先孰后提出了不少看法,迄未取得共识。研究者或通过对均田、三长两制内涵的解释以调和文献记载的矛盾,或谓《魏书》关于两制尤其是均田制颁布时间的记载有误,认为均田制的颁行是在三长制之后。综合现代学界代表性观点,考析相关史料提供的明确证据,均田制的颁布当是在太和九年十月,而其完全实施则经过了数年时间,《高祖纪下》所载太和十四年十二月壬午诏显示均田制已全面落实。
[Abstract]:As to the time of promulgation of the system of averaging farmland in the Northern Wei Dynasty, Wei received it in the first year of the Northern Qi Dynasty when he wrote "the Book of Wei" on the "Gaozu Ji", which was promulgated by Emperor Xiaowen Taihe in October of nine years before the edict was issued in October, and the Book of Foods also contained the "Taihe nine-year edict" on the equalization of fields. There was no discrepancy in the records of the relevant documents. In the same book, the biography of Li'an contains that "the three long ones are established, and the system of returning to the old ruins" and "the system of averaging the fields after that", while the first three lengths of the Jia-Xu period in February of ten years were set up in the period of "the Book of the Emperor Li'an", and "under the Gaozu period". For this contradiction, modern scholars put forward a lot of views on the implementation of the three long and two systems, which has not reached a consensus. Through the explanation of the connotation of the two systems in order to reconcile the contradiction recorded in the literature, or the Wei Shu, there is a mistake in the record of the promulgation time of the two systems, especially the average land system, and the author thinks that the promulgation of the average land system is after the three long system. On the basis of the representative views of modern academic circles and the analysis of the clear evidence provided by relevant historical materials, the promulgation of the average land system should be held in October of Taihe nine years. After several years of its full implementation, Taihe 14 years of December showed that the land system had been fully implemented.
【作者单位】：首都师范大学历史学院;
【分类号】：K239.21

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