北宋王朝治理西北边疆政治思想考述

发布时间：2018-06-20 01:20

本文选题：北宋 + 西北边疆　；参考：《西北师范大学》2004年硕士论文

【摘要】： 北宋立国后，面对西北地区民族政权多元化的格局，为了解除来自辽、夏的威胁，北宋王朝依据这一时期复杂多变的民族关系和民族矛盾的发展演变，对西北地区进行了富有成效的治理。从北宋在西北治边政策的基本内容可以看出，北宋统治者极其重视对边疆的统治，他们在充分吸收中国历代封建王朝治边经验的基础上，根据当时具体的客观形势和客观需要加以发展、丰富和完善，逐步形成一整套行之有效的边疆民族统治政策。为此，，北宋政府在“怀柔羁縻、以夷制夷”思想的指导下，在政治上通过对西北边区的少数民族实行政治敕封和招诱安抚政策，稳定了西北边陲；在经济上，北宋政府利用西北边区少数民族对中原农耕经济的严重依赖性，以经济为纽带，以贸易为手段，加强与西北少数民族的联系，以达到其“羁縻怀柔”的目的；在军事上北宋则对西北少数民族实行了打拉结合、恩威并济的政策，迫使其就范，从而最终实现其“联蕃制夏、以夷制夷”的目的；此外，北宋政府还利用周边民族仰慕中原内地文化的心理，对该地区的少数民族在文化上也采取了相应的措施。一言以蔽之，北宋政府在治理西北边疆时，始终将如何处理好与周边少数民族(政权)的关系放在首要地位，并依据形势的变化，根据不同时期、不同阶段这一地区民族关系、民族矛盾的发展演变，采取了有别于汉唐的治理政策和措施，而其总的指导思想(或是终极目标)则只有一个，那就是“怀柔羁縻、以夷制夷”。同时也必须指出，北宋政府在治理西北边区少数民族时，也结合当地的实际情况，因时、因地、因人地实行了“因俗而治”的经营方略，并涌现出了一大批著名的政治家、思想家和军事家，典型的有：曹玮、韩琦、范伸淹、王安石、王韶等，他们为北宋经制西北也作出了不可磨灭的贡献。
[Abstract]:After the Northern Song Dynasty was founded, in the face of the pluralistic pattern of ethnic power in the Northwest region, in order to remove the threat from Liao and Xia, the Northern Song Dynasty developed and evolved according to the complex and changeable ethnic relations and ethnic contradictions in this period. The Northwest region has been effectively managed. From the basic contents of the Northern Song Dynasty's policy of governing the border in the Northwest, we can see that the rulers of the Northern Song Dynasty attach great importance to the rule of the frontier, and on the basis of fully absorbing the experience of the feudal dynasties of the past dynasties, According to the specific objective situation and objective needs at that time to develop, enrich and perfect, gradually form a set of effective borderland national rule policy. Therefore, under the guidance of the idea of "Huairou Jimi", the Northern Song government stabilized the northwestern border by implementing the policy of political seal and inducement to the ethnic minorities in the Northwest Border region politically, and economically, The government of the Northern Song Dynasty made use of the serious dependence of the ethnic minorities in the Northwest Border region on the farming economy of the Central Plains, taking the economy as the link and the trade as the means to strengthen the ties with the northwest ethnic minorities in order to achieve the goal of "Jimi Huairou". Militarily, the Northern Song Dynasty carried out the policy of combining force and support to the ethnic minorities in the northwest, forcing them to submit to the situation, so as to finally achieve its goal of "combining the Tibetan and making summer with the razing of the barbarians"; in addition, The Northern Song government also took advantage of the psychology of the surrounding ethnic groups to admire the inland culture of the Central Plains, and took corresponding measures on the cultural aspects of the ethnic minorities in the region. In a word, when the Northern Song Dynasty government administered the northwest frontier, it always put how to properly handle the relations with the surrounding ethnic minorities (regime), and according to the changes of the situation, according to the different periods and stages of this region's ethnic relations, The development and evolution of the national contradictions have adopted different policies and measures of governance from those of the Han and Tang dynasties, but there is only one general guiding ideology (or ultimate goal), that is, "Huairou Jimi to raze the barbarians". At the same time, it must also be pointed out that when the Northern Song Dynasty government administered the ethnic minorities in the Northwest Border region, it also took into account the actual situation in the region, because, at the time, because of the land, and because of the people and the land, the management strategy of "governing by vulgarity" was implemented, and a large number of famous politicians emerged. Thinkers and strategists, typically Cao Wei, Han Qi, Fan Shenyan, Wang Anshi, Wang Shao and so on, also made indelible contributions to the North West of the Northern Song Dynasty.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：K244

【引证文献】