清代汉传佛教政策考正

发布时间：2018-06-20 22:34

本文选题：汉传佛教政策 + 满清诸帝与佛教　；参考：《浙江学刊》2013年01期

【摘要】：学术界对满清诸帝宗教倾向以及有清一代佛教政策,存在不少主观误判:臆测圣祖爱新觉罗玄烨独尊理学、厌恶佛教,高宗爱新觉罗弘历是"灭佛"皇帝;断言满清政府对宗教之定位,是"除了儒教的三纲五常之外,甚至包括佛、道教在内的一切宗教都是非法的";①甚至于将高宗爱新觉罗弘历旨在逐渐沙汰"问律律不守,问禅禅弗会"之"应付僧"与"教团败类"、还佛教以清净本然面目之清厘甄别僧尼举措,诠释成"是要以一种尽可能不引起社会动荡的方式,假以时日,将佛教消灭",其手段比"三武一宗"之灭佛"更加阴险和毒辣",如此等等。史学以求真、求实为旨趣与灵魂,不允许凭主观意志过度诠释、过度推衍,更不得以个人好恶杜撰假设、曲笔贬褒。本文以推援校磨浩如烟海之原始史料为基础,稽考钩沉,力争如秋潭夜月或清更胡笳般,再现清代汉传佛教政策流变沿革及其内在实质之本来面目。
[Abstract]:There are many subjective misjudgments in academic circles about the religious tendency of Manchu emperors and the Buddhist policy of the Qing Dynasty: conjecture that Aisinjue Luo Xuanye conjectures the sage ancestor Aisin Chuehue Ye and abhors Buddhism, while Gaozong Aixinjue Luo Hongli is the emperor of "vanquishing Buddha"; It was asserted that the Manchu government's position on religion was that "all religions, including Buddhism and Taoism, except Confucianism are illegal" and even the law of Gaozong's Aisin Chueh-luo Hongli aimed at gradually eliminating the sand was not observed. The "dealing with monks" and "religious order scum" when asked about the Zen Buddha Association, and the Buddhist act of discriminating monks and nuns with a clean and original face, is interpreted as "in a way that does not cause social unrest as much as possible, and over time." The means of eliminating Buddhism are more sinister and poisonous than those of "three Wushu", and so on. Historiography takes seeking truth and truth as its purport and soul. It is not allowed to over-interpret and extrapolate by subjective will, and not to use personal likes and dislikes to make up hypotheses. This paper, based on the raw historical materials of pushing and aiding the schools, makes an effort to reproduce the evolution and intrinsic essence of the Han Buddhism policy in the Qing Dynasty, like the autumn pool night moon or the Qing Dynasty more Hu Jia.
【作者单位】：浙江省社会科学院;
【基金】：浙江省哲学社会科学规划重点课题“清代佛教研究”(课题编号12JCZX027)阶段性成果
【分类号】：K249;B949

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