殷商兵制若干问题刍议

发布时间：2018-06-24 12:14

本文选题：殷商 + 兵制　；参考：《中国史研究》2014年02期

【摘要】：殷商时期中央王朝的军队以临时征发的师旅为主体,早期当有三师,大约在武乙文丁时期发展到了六师的规模。承担商王卫戍任务的贵族武装具有常备军的性质,其数量有限。族武装是重要的补充力量。地方诸侯国有着与中央王朝同构的军队建制,因国力强弱军力有所不同。这一时期的武装力量以步兵、车兵为主,但也不排除有骑兵和水兵。除族武装外,兵器由国家统一管制,临战或军演时发放。考古资料表明,殷商时期的武器系统已经相当完善。由于军队为临时征集,为了实现对其有效控制,王朝每年定期以剱狩的方式演练军队。
[Abstract]:In the period of Yin and Shang dynasties, the army of the Central Dynasty was dominated by temporary army brigades, and in the early period there should have been three divisions, which had grown to the size of the sixth Division during the period of Wen-ding. The aristocratic armed forces which undertake the garrison of Shang Wang have the nature of standing army, and their number is limited. Ethnic armed forces are an important complementary force. The local princes have the same military system as the central dynasty, because of the different national strength. The armed forces of this period were mainly infantry and carts, but they did not exclude cavalry and sailors. In addition to the national armed forces, weapons by the unified control of the state, combat or military exercises issued. Archaeological data show that the Shang Dynasty weapons system has been quite perfect. In order to achieve effective control, the dynasty regularly practiced the army in the form of hunting every year.
【作者单位】：兰州大学历史文化学院;
【基金】：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(编号:13LZUJBWZY043)
【分类号】：E291;K223

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