黄河中下游地区生态环境变迁与夏代的兴起和嬗变探索
发布时间：2018-07-14 15:27
【摘要】： 目前，与人类生存密切相关的环境问题越来越引起社会的关注，而生态环境的演化是一个十分漫长的渐进过程，需要进行长时段的考究。探寻和重塑史前及历史时期生态环境的原貌，研究其演化规律及其对人类社会的影响，无疑具有重要的学术价值和现实意义。然而，这方面的综合研究在我国虽有起步，但还较为薄弱。本文正是在充分利用历史学、历史地理学、考古学、环境考古学、生态学、环境学及环境变迁学等学科的资料和成果的基础上，对黄河中下游地区的生态环境变迁进行较为系统的探索，希冀探明生态环境条件在黄河中下游地区形成中国早期文明中心，并进而建立起夏——中国历史上第一代王朝过程中的实际影响。 本文在第一章论述了史前及夏代生态环境史研究的基本问题，强调拓宽学术视野、开展多学科综合研究的意义。为使人们对黄河中下游地区的环境变迁有一较系统完整的了解，在第二章勾勒出第四纪全新世以前——即从古生代、中生代到新生代第三纪时期生态环境变迁的轨迹，对第四纪更新世时期构成该地域生态环境根基的黄土堆积、黄河的形成以及古人类及其创造的旧石器文化加以述论。 进入新石器时代以后，大约从距今8500-3000年前，我国出现了气候适宜的“仰韶温暖期”，在这一长达约5500年的时期内，从新石器时代革命、粟作农业的起源和发展、文明中心地位的形成到夏王朝的崛起，黄河中下游地区成了中华早期文明演义的中心舞台。本文的第三章，在详细论述新石器时期生态环境面貌的同时，着重从粟作农业的起源及发展、大禹治水等方面，阐述了有利的生态环境在促成黄河中下游地区成为中华文明中心地位中的重要作用。 在第四章，对夏代的生态环境及其演化进行了较系统的探讨，在论述了《夏小正》为夏代中心地区历法的前提下，对其包涵的丰富生态环境内容进行了循名责实的探研。最后，，对夏末旱灾肆虐、气候异常等开始恶化的生态环境加以考察，提出生态环境恶化是夏代覆灭的重要原因。 总之，本文首次较系统地对史前及夏代黄河中下游地区的生态环境变迁进行了探索，将仰韶温暖期的环境背景和黄河中下游地区史前文明中心的形成、早期的统一国家——夏王朝的兴亡有机地联系起来，进行了较深入具体的论述。对《夏小正》也提出有新的见解。力图重塑黄河中下游地区史前及夏代生态环境的面貌，丰富我国上古史的内容，并在早期文明与国家起源的研究方面尽到绵薄之力。
[Abstract]:At present, the environmental problems closely related to the survival of human beings have attracted more and more attention of the society, and the evolution of the ecological environment is a very long and gradual process, which needs to be studied for a long time. It is undoubtedly of great academic value and practical significance to explore and reconstruct the original appearance of ecological environment in prehistoric and historical period, to study its evolution law and its influence on human society. However, although this aspect of comprehensive research in China has started, but is still relatively weak. It is on the basis of making full use of the materials and achievements of history, historical geography, archaeology, environmental archaeology, ecology, environmentology and environmental vicissitude. The ecological environment changes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River are systematically explored. It is hoped that the ecological environment conditions will form the early civilization center of China in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. And then established the Xia-the first dynasty in the history of China in the process of the actual impact. In the first chapter, the author discusses the basic problems in the study of ecological environment history in prehistoric and Xia dynasties, and emphasizes the significance of broadening academic horizon and carrying out multi-disciplinary comprehensive research. In order to make people have a systematic and complete understanding of the environmental changes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, in the second chapter, the trajectory of the ecological environment changes from Paleozoic, Mesozoic to Cenozoic is outlined in the second chapter, which is before the Quaternary Holocene, that is, the Paleozoic, Mesozoic to Cenozoic Tertiary. The loess accumulation, the formation of the Yellow River and the Paleolithic culture created by the Paleo people during the Quaternary Pleistocene were discussed. After entering the Neolithic Age, about 8500-3000 years ago, the "Yangshao warm period" with suitable climate appeared in our country. During this period of about 5,500 years, from the Neolithic Revolution, the origin and development of millet farming, From the formation of the center of civilization to the rise of the Xia Dynasty, the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River became the central stage of the early Chinese civilization. In the third chapter of this paper, the ecological environment of Neolithic period is discussed in detail. At the same time, the origin and development of millet farming and Dayu water control are emphasized. This paper expounds the important role of favorable ecological environment in promoting the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River to become the center of Chinese civilization. In the fourth chapter, the ecological environment and its evolution of Xia Dynasty are systematically discussed. On the premise that "Xia Xiaozheng" is the calendars of the central area of Xia Dynasty, the rich ecological environment content contained in it is studied according to its name. Finally, the ecological environment which began to deteriorate such as drought and abnormal climate at the end of summer was investigated, and it was pointed out that the deterioration of ecological environment was an important reason for the extinction in Xia Dynasty. In a word, the ecological environment vicissitude in prehistoric area and the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River in Xia Dynasty has been systematically explored for the first time, and the environment background of Yangshao warm period and the formation of prehistoric civilization center in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River have been taken into account. The rise and fall of the early unified country-Xia Dynasty were organically linked and discussed in detail. He also put forward some new ideas about Xia Xiaozheng. This paper tries to reshape the ecological environment of prehistoric and Xia dynasties in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, enrich the contents of the ancient history of China, and make a limited contribution to the study of the early civilization and the origin of the country.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：K222
本文编号：2122085
[Abstract]:At present, the environmental problems closely related to the survival of human beings have attracted more and more attention of the society, and the evolution of the ecological environment is a very long and gradual process, which needs to be studied for a long time. It is undoubtedly of great academic value and practical significance to explore and reconstruct the original appearance of ecological environment in prehistoric and historical period, to study its evolution law and its influence on human society. However, although this aspect of comprehensive research in China has started, but is still relatively weak. It is on the basis of making full use of the materials and achievements of history, historical geography, archaeology, environmental archaeology, ecology, environmentology and environmental vicissitude. The ecological environment changes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River are systematically explored. It is hoped that the ecological environment conditions will form the early civilization center of China in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. And then established the Xia-the first dynasty in the history of China in the process of the actual impact. In the first chapter, the author discusses the basic problems in the study of ecological environment history in prehistoric and Xia dynasties, and emphasizes the significance of broadening academic horizon and carrying out multi-disciplinary comprehensive research. In order to make people have a systematic and complete understanding of the environmental changes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, in the second chapter, the trajectory of the ecological environment changes from Paleozoic, Mesozoic to Cenozoic is outlined in the second chapter, which is before the Quaternary Holocene, that is, the Paleozoic, Mesozoic to Cenozoic Tertiary. The loess accumulation, the formation of the Yellow River and the Paleolithic culture created by the Paleo people during the Quaternary Pleistocene were discussed. After entering the Neolithic Age, about 8500-3000 years ago, the "Yangshao warm period" with suitable climate appeared in our country. During this period of about 5,500 years, from the Neolithic Revolution, the origin and development of millet farming, From the formation of the center of civilization to the rise of the Xia Dynasty, the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River became the central stage of the early Chinese civilization. In the third chapter of this paper, the ecological environment of Neolithic period is discussed in detail. At the same time, the origin and development of millet farming and Dayu water control are emphasized. This paper expounds the important role of favorable ecological environment in promoting the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River to become the center of Chinese civilization. In the fourth chapter, the ecological environment and its evolution of Xia Dynasty are systematically discussed. On the premise that "Xia Xiaozheng" is the calendars of the central area of Xia Dynasty, the rich ecological environment content contained in it is studied according to its name. Finally, the ecological environment which began to deteriorate such as drought and abnormal climate at the end of summer was investigated, and it was pointed out that the deterioration of ecological environment was an important reason for the extinction in Xia Dynasty. In a word, the ecological environment vicissitude in prehistoric area and the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River in Xia Dynasty has been systematically explored for the first time, and the environment background of Yangshao warm period and the formation of prehistoric civilization center in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River have been taken into account. The rise and fall of the early unified country-Xia Dynasty were organically linked and discussed in detail. He also put forward some new ideas about Xia Xiaozheng. This paper tries to reshape the ecological environment of prehistoric and Xia dynasties in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, enrich the contents of the ancient history of China, and make a limited contribution to the study of the early civilization and the origin of the country.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：K222
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 王华梅;周秦时期黄河中下游地区植被分布及其变迁[D];陕西师范大学;2007年
本文编号：2122085
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