金代吏员俸禄及相关问题研究

发布时间：2018-07-17 18:21

【摘要】：金是女真贵族建立的少数民族政权,从中央到地方几乎各级政府机构都设置有吏员,并形成了相对独立的吏员集团。金代吏员俸禄制度的形成、发展和废止与有金一代相始终,即伴随金政权的建立而形成,经历了浮动式俸禄和固定式俸禄两个发展阶段而终趋成熟,又随金亡而废止。金代吏员俸禄主要由正俸和补助两大类构成,发放范围涵盖了中央吏员和地方吏员,一般为按月发放。吏员所处机构不同,担任职务不同,其俸禄待遇也有所不同。同一层级的女真和汉人吏员的待遇是相同的。总体而言,金代吏员与职官的俸禄相差悬殊。金代吏员俸禄除制度性规定之外,还会根据实际情况不断地调整变化,表现为增俸、减俸以及半俸等,这种增减反映了金代对吏员俸禄的弹性管理方式。金代吏员俸禄制度的确立,为各层级吏员的经济收入提供了保障,对于维持国家机器的正常运转具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:Jin was a minority regime established by the Nuzhen aristocrat. Officials were set up in almost all levels of government institutions from the central to the local level, and a relatively independent group of officials was formed. The formation, development and abolishment of the system of salaries and salaries of officials in the Jin Dynasty were always accompanied by the establishment of the gold regime, which experienced two stages of development, namely floating salaries and fixed salaries, which eventually matured and were abolished with the death of gold. The salaries of officials in the Jin Dynasty are mainly composed of two categories: regular salaries and subsidies, which cover the central officials and local officials, and are generally paid on a monthly basis. Officials in different institutions, different positions, their salaries are also different. The treatment of the same level of Nuzhen and Han officials is the same. Overall, the Jin Dynasty officials and officials of the difference between salaries. In addition to the institutional regulations, the salaries of officials in the Jin Dynasty will adjust and change constantly according to the actual situation, which shows that the salary increases, decreases and half salaries, which reflects the flexible management mode of the salaries and salaries of the officials in the Jin Dynasty. The establishment of the system of salaries and salaries of officials in the Jin Dynasty provides a guarantee for the economic income of officials at all levels and is of great significance for the maintenance of the normal operation of the state machinery.
【作者单位】：吉林大学经济学院;辽宁省文物考古研究所;辽宁省文物局;
【分类号】：K246.4;D691

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