宋代县尉研究
发布时间：2018-07-21 16:57
【摘要】：宋代县尉的设置,在中国古代警察发展史上占有极其重要的地位,起到了承上启下的作用。早在春秋战国时期,在县内即设有尉职,当时带有浓厚的军事色彩,集军事、治安、刑狱等职能为一体。秦汉均设此职,在史料中,关于汉代县尉的设置,记载较多。三国、两晋、南北朝时期,仿汉例,但编制与职能渐变。隋唐时期,在县内设置县尉已定型,较前不同的是,在对该官职的称呼上,出现过几次反复,至唐代,定为“县尉”。五代十国、辽、宋、金、元皆延用此名称。明、清时,改为典史。 从现存史料来看,县尉一职发展到宋代是一个转折点。首先,县尉的职能从宋代开始,逐步走向专业化、单一化,从其它部门中分离出来,主要职责是维护社会治安,缉捕盗贼。其次,奖赏制度规范化,首创“捕盗改官”之政策。再次,纪律要求严密化、细致化,责任明确化,逐步趋于完善合理。但是,宋代县尉的俸禄较低,由此影响到其积极性,这也是宋代地方治安一直较差的因素之一。 本论文共分为七章: 第一章,概论宋代以前县尉的发展演变。县尉一职的起源,可以追溯到春秋战国时期。当时兵刑不分,刑狱同制。后随历史发展变化,县尉的职能也随之而演变,一直到隋唐时期,才逐步定型。 第二章,宋王朝设置县尉,体现出当时最高统治者加强中央集权的策略,也是继唐末五代战乱之后,整治社会治安的需要。关于县尉的录用,宋政府制定出了年龄、身体素质、任职资格等方面的选拔措施。县尉的俸禄较低,生活艰辛,宋代对县尉待遇虽有过改革,但也并未解决根本问题。由此而来,产生了一系列的不良后果。 第三章、第四章,重点论述了县尉的职能和作用。县尉是负责县级地方治安的专职官员,其职能主要包括缉捕盗贼、刑事案件侦查、法医检验以及押运官物、保护商旅、水务管理等。县尉是打击地方盗贼的主要力量之一,同时肩负着刑事侦查之重任,其水平较以前诸朝代,大为提高,证据意识增强,特别是法医检验,对后世影响很大。为了加强对县尉的控制与管理,宋王朝制定了严格的纪律,并实行责任追究制。
[Abstract]:The establishment of county lieutenant in Song Dynasty occupies an extremely important position in the history of the development of ancient Chinese police, and plays an important role in connecting the past with the following. As early as the Spring and Autumn and warring States period, in the county, there was a strong military color, set military, public security, prison and other functions as a whole. Qin and Han dynasties set up this post, in the historical materials, about the Han Dynasty County Wei, more records. Three Kingdoms, Jin, Southern and Northern dynasties, imitation of the Han Dynasty, but the establishment and function of gradual change. During the Sui and Tang dynasties, the county ensign was set up in the county, but different from the previous one, the title of the official post appeared several times, until the Tang Dynasty, it was defined as "county lieutenant". Five dynasties ten countries, Liao, Song, Jin, Yuan all use this name. In Ming and Qing dynasties, it was changed to a classic history. From the existing historical data, the development of county Wei to Song Dynasty is a turning point. First of all, the function of county lieutenant began from the Song Dynasty, gradually towards specialization, single, separated from other departments, the main responsibility is to maintain public order, arrest thieves. Secondly, the reward system is standardized and the policy of "arresting theft and reforming officials" is first created. Third, the discipline requirements are strict, meticulous, clear responsibility, and gradually tend to perfect and reasonable. However, the salary of county Wei in Song Dynasty was lower, which affected its enthusiasm, which was one of the factors of poor local public order in Song Dynasty. This paper is divided into seven chapters: the first chapter, an overview of the development of county Wei before the Song Dynasty. The origin of county lieutenant can be traced back to the Spring and Autumn warring States period. At that time, there was no division between military and criminal punishment, and the prison system was the same. With the development of history, the function of county lieutenant also evolved, until the Sui and Tang dynasties, gradually finalized. In the second chapter, the Song Dynasty set up county ensign, which reflected the strategy of strengthening centralization of power by the supreme ruler at that time, and was also the need to rectify public order after the war in the late Tang Dynasty and the five dynasties. With regard to the recruitment of county officers, the Song government worked out the selection measures in terms of age, physical fitness and qualifications. The salary of county lieutenant was low and the life was hard. Although the pay of county lieutenant was reformed in Song Dynasty, it did not solve the fundamental problem. As a result, there are a series of adverse consequences. The third chapter, the fourth chapter, has discussed the county lieutenant's function and the function emphatically. County Ensign is a full-time official in charge of local security at the county level, whose functions mainly include the arrest of thieves, the investigation of criminal cases, the forensic examination and the transportation of official objects, the protection of commercial brigades, the management of water affairs, and so on. County Ensign is one of the main forces to crack down on local thieves and shoulders the heavy responsibility of criminal investigation. Its level is greatly improved and its evidence consciousness is enhanced especially forensic examination which has great influence on later generations. In order to strengthen the control and management of county officers, the Song Dynasty formulated strict discipline and carried out the system of accountability.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：K244
本文编号：2136186
[Abstract]:The establishment of county lieutenant in Song Dynasty occupies an extremely important position in the history of the development of ancient Chinese police, and plays an important role in connecting the past with the following. As early as the Spring and Autumn and warring States period, in the county, there was a strong military color, set military, public security, prison and other functions as a whole. Qin and Han dynasties set up this post, in the historical materials, about the Han Dynasty County Wei, more records. Three Kingdoms, Jin, Southern and Northern dynasties, imitation of the Han Dynasty, but the establishment and function of gradual change. During the Sui and Tang dynasties, the county ensign was set up in the county, but different from the previous one, the title of the official post appeared several times, until the Tang Dynasty, it was defined as "county lieutenant". Five dynasties ten countries, Liao, Song, Jin, Yuan all use this name. In Ming and Qing dynasties, it was changed to a classic history. From the existing historical data, the development of county Wei to Song Dynasty is a turning point. First of all, the function of county lieutenant began from the Song Dynasty, gradually towards specialization, single, separated from other departments, the main responsibility is to maintain public order, arrest thieves. Secondly, the reward system is standardized and the policy of "arresting theft and reforming officials" is first created. Third, the discipline requirements are strict, meticulous, clear responsibility, and gradually tend to perfect and reasonable. However, the salary of county Wei in Song Dynasty was lower, which affected its enthusiasm, which was one of the factors of poor local public order in Song Dynasty. This paper is divided into seven chapters: the first chapter, an overview of the development of county Wei before the Song Dynasty. The origin of county lieutenant can be traced back to the Spring and Autumn warring States period. At that time, there was no division between military and criminal punishment, and the prison system was the same. With the development of history, the function of county lieutenant also evolved, until the Sui and Tang dynasties, gradually finalized. In the second chapter, the Song Dynasty set up county ensign, which reflected the strategy of strengthening centralization of power by the supreme ruler at that time, and was also the need to rectify public order after the war in the late Tang Dynasty and the five dynasties. With regard to the recruitment of county officers, the Song government worked out the selection measures in terms of age, physical fitness and qualifications. The salary of county lieutenant was low and the life was hard. Although the pay of county lieutenant was reformed in Song Dynasty, it did not solve the fundamental problem. As a result, there are a series of adverse consequences. The third chapter, the fourth chapter, has discussed the county lieutenant's function and the function emphatically. County Ensign is a full-time official in charge of local security at the county level, whose functions mainly include the arrest of thieves, the investigation of criminal cases, the forensic examination and the transportation of official objects, the protection of commercial brigades, the management of water affairs, and so on. County Ensign is one of the main forces to crack down on local thieves and shoulders the heavy responsibility of criminal investigation. Its level is greatly improved and its evidence consciousness is enhanced especially forensic examination which has great influence on later generations. In order to strengthen the control and management of county officers, the Song Dynasty formulated strict discipline and carried out the system of accountability.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：K244
【引证文献】
相关博士学位论文 前4条
1 黄道诚;宋代侦查制度与技术研究[D];河北大学;2009年
2 贾芳芳;宋代地方政治[D];河北大学;2009年
3 郑迎光;宋代地方社会治安问题初探[D];河北大学;2007年
4 贾文龙;宋朝州级属官司法职能研究[D];河北大学;2007年
相关硕士学位论文 前4条
1 陈明明;府际视角下的北宋县政[D];西北大学;2011年
2 褚鸿亮;论宋代侦查学的飞跃[D];西南政法大学;2011年
3 王胜;宋代州县官职务犯罪研究[D];河南大学;2007年
4 张洪新;宋代县制探析[D];山东大学;2010年
，本文编号：2136186
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/shekelunwen/zggdslw/2136186.html
