清代徽州贤媛的治家和生存术

发布时间：2018-08-31 12:51

【摘要】：清代徽州贤媛中有人以不婚、晚婚侍奉老亲,极力支撑濒危的家庭,使得老人能够安度晚年,寿终正寝;更有贫困人家的寡妇、主妇、女子,凭借女性特长,靠纺织、缝纫、刺绣获取生活来源,还像男人一样做塾师、堪舆师或卖画,养家糊口,成为家庭的顶梁柱,以至培养儿子成才,光大门庭。她们治家的才能,表明女性具有很强的独立生存能力。其自行解决生计问题,成为不争的事实。江浙是经济文化发达地区,为徽州贤媛解决生存问题提供了两个有利条件:一是女性接受文化知识教育的机会较多,能够具备文学艺术技能,必要时用作谋生手段;二是江浙人家有闺塾师的需求和艺术品市场,为徽州才女从事文化教育和文艺产品提供出路,借以维持生存。
[Abstract]:In the Qing Dynasty, some of the Xianyuan people in Huizhou, who did not marry, served their old relatives late, so that they could support endangered families so that they could spend their old age in peace and die. There were widows, housewives, and women from poor families who depended on their women's special skills to spin and sew. Embroidery to obtain a source of life, but also like a man as a teacher, or sell paintings, become the backbone of the family, even to cultivate a son, Guangda. Their ability to run the family shows that women have a strong independent ability to survive. It has become an indisputable fact to solve the livelihood problem on its own. Jiangsu and Zhejiang are economically and culturally developed areas, which provide two favorable conditions for Huizhou Xianyuan to solve the problem of survival: first, women have more opportunities to receive cultural knowledge and education, can have literary and artistic skills, and can be used as a means of livelihood when necessary; Second, Jiangsu and Zhejiang families have the demand of boudoir teachers and the art market, which provides a way out for Huizhou talented women to engage in cultural education and literature and art products, in order to maintain their survival.
【作者单位】：南开大学社会史研究中心学术委员会;
【分类号】：K249

【相似文献】