明太祖礼治思想探析

发布时间：2018-12-14 15:17

【摘要】：礼法文化是中国传统文化的重要组成部分，也是中国传统政治文化的主体，它是在中国传统文明的漫长发展历史过程中逐渐发展形成的，并一直发挥着重要作用。在一定的历史时代，礼的基础作用更不容忽视，因为任何一位想有作为的封建统治者，要实现长治久安，都必须将其当作治国的一个基本指导方针。礼，既赋予统治者的所作所为以合理性、正统性，也提供具体的治国方略。同时，服膺于礼文化，就取得了这一文化的传承者——儒士的认可和支持。进一步说，如果统治者能掌握这一文化，便能利用它对百姓臣民深层思想的强力控制作用，树立起自己的意识形态，不仅为天下君，而且还能为天下师。明太祖治国方略的根本独特性正在于此。具体到明太祖朱元璋，以往研究者的注意力主要是集中在他“法”治的一面，甚至把他的很多礼治思想和措施也归入法治的范围。实际上，明太祖不仅有推行“礼”治的一面，而且不遗余力，成效颇著。而对于这一点，当前学术界很多学者或视而不见，或不予重视，这都是不符合历史事实的。客观地说，在中国古代，礼治与法治本来就是一个事物的两个方面，是相辅相成的关系。明太祖的立国宗旨，就可以说是礼法并举的儒家礼乐制度。在我国古代文化传统中，“礼治”作为有效的社会调节系统，在“德治”与“法治”之间起着桥梁和纽带作用。“礼治”的方法为中国封建社会建立了一套完整的伦理关系和道德规范，保证了社会的基本稳定。联系到我国当前实行的改革开放，中国社会正在经历着一场大的变革，在落实“以德治国”的方针和建立社会主义法制国家这两套调节系统外，还应有一套介于两者之间的中性调节系统。本文认为，明太祖的“礼治”观及其治国方略，，对我们今天的精神文明建设仍然具有一定的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:The culture of etiquette and law is an important part of Chinese traditional culture as well as the main body of Chinese traditional political culture. It is formed gradually in the long history of the development of Chinese traditional civilization and has been playing an important role. In a certain historical era, the basic function of propriety can not be ignored, because any feudal ruler who wants to do something must regard it as a basic guiding principle of governing the country in order to achieve lasting stability. Propriety not only gives the rulers rationality, orthodoxy, but also provides specific strategies for governing the country. At the same time, due to the ritual culture, it has been the heritage of this culture-Confucian recognition and support. Further, if the ruler can master this culture, he can take advantage of its strong control over the deep thoughts of the common people, and set up his own ideology, not only for the ruler of the world, but also for the master of the world. The fundamental uniqueness of Ming Taizu's strategy for governing the country lies in this. Specifically, Zhu Yuanzhang, the emperor of the Ming Dynasty, used to focus on his "rule of law", and even put many of his ideas and measures under the rule of law. In fact, the Ming Taizu not only carried out the "ritual" side, but also spared no effort. But to this point, the academic circles many scholars or ignore, this is not in line with the historical facts. Objectively speaking, in ancient China, the rule of etiquette and the rule of law are two aspects of the same thing and complement each other. Ming Taizu's purpose of establishing a country can be said to be a Confucian ritual and music system. In the ancient cultural tradition of our country, "rule of etiquette", as an effective social regulation system, acts as a bridge and link between "rule by virtue" and "rule by law". The method of "rule by etiquette" has established a set of complete ethical relations and moral norms for the feudal society of China, and ensured the basic stability of the society. In connection with the reform and opening up currently being implemented in China, Chinese society is undergoing a major transformation. Besides the implementation of the policy of "governing the country by virtue" and the establishment of a socialist legal system, There should also be a neutral regulation system between the two. This paper holds that the Ming Taizu's concept of "rule by etiquette" and its general plan of governing the country still have certain reference significance for our spiritual civilization construction today.
【学位授予单位】：北京语言大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2004
【分类号】：K248

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