明代市民阶层审美趣味及其对明代绘画艺术影响
发布时间：2019-01-25 19:07
【摘要】： 由审美趣味的研究现状和意义来看,从社会学角度去研究绘画、建筑、音乐等艺术形式的审美鉴赏和审美创造是现代美学研究的新方向。作为现代美学分支学科的审美社会学正是这个研究方向的集中体现。它的发展、积累及现状有着自己的学术特色。第一、就其研究成果和积累来看,宏观层面的理论体系已经基本建立并不断完善。第二、就其审美活动的研究方法来看,大都以审美活动中多种艺术形式共同体现的美趣味为研究依据。对于特定群体审美活动与相关单个艺术形式的对应研究,这些具体微观研究层面还有相当的学术研究空间。第三、就其参与审美活动的审美主体分类研究方面,往往关注于社会知识分子阶层相关的审美活动,而社会其他阶层审美活动的归纳研究相对较少。第四、就其审美活动研究的时代选择方面,大都以近现代的审美活动为学术研究的时代切入点。有着千年艺术发展史的人类文明,为审美社会学领域留下了许多值得进一步探索的美学课题。 本文通过选择典型时代背景下,针对特定阶层的审美趣味与具体艺术形式相关的审美活动采取对应研究的方法。拓宽了审美社会学研究领域微中观层面的研究深度,同时其具体的研究内容,为今后相关领域的研究提供了参考依据。 明初政权建立后,为了加强对中原地区的的控制,开始采取休养生息的政策,社会生产力得到了逐渐的恢复。到明代中叶时,国力逐渐达到强盛,经济得到繁荣发展。此时伴随商品经济的繁荣而产生的明代市民阶层开始不断发展壮大。与前代市民阶层所不同,他们自出现之时,就注定成为推动中国迈向近代社会的一支重要力量,对明代政治、思想意识、社会风俗、学术发展等方面都产生了重要的影响作用,成为明代社会最富有影响力的阶层。像这样一个可以对全社会发展有着巨大影响力的阶层,其审美趣味能否对其时代艺术发展产生重要影响?假设可行,依据是什么?而他们又是如何产生影响作用的呢? 围绕着这个“假设”的推断,我们开始了对市民阶层的相关研究。首先,以古代城市为线索,对市民阶层的兴起、发展及历史演变过程中构成成员的不断变化作了简短的回顾,并从政治、思想意识、社会风俗、学术发展等方面论述了明代市民阶层对明代社会发展所产生的巨大影响。然后,从历史共同性和时代特殊性两个方面,分析了明代市民阶层审美趣味的特征,又从研究主体的审美感兴能力、时代背景、近代启蒙思想的影响等角度对其形成过程进行了分析研究。最后,在审美趣味对绘画艺术影响的理论分析的基础上,进一步确定明代市民阶层审美趣味所影响的画家范围和程度。以沈周、文徵明、仇英三位明代代表画家的艺术经历和艺术风格的形成过程为事实依据,分别论证了明代市民阶层审美趣味对明代文人画家和民间职业画家,两个重要的画家群体的影响。从而,论证了明代市民阶层审美趣味能够对明代绘画艺术发展产生重要影响,这个“假设”推断的可行性。
[Abstract]:From the perspective of the present situation and meaning of the study of the aesthetic taste, the aesthetic appreciation and the aesthetic creation of the art forms such as painting, building and music from the perspective of sociology are the new direction of the modern aesthetic study. The aesthetic sociology, which is the subject of modern aesthetics, is the reflection of this research direction. Its development, accumulation and present situation have its own academic characteristics. First, on the basis of its research results and accumulation, the theoretical system of the macro-level has been basically established and improved. Second, in view of the research method of its aesthetic activities, most of them are based on the beauty of the aesthetic activities. The specific micro-research level has considerable academic research space for the corresponding research of the specific group's aesthetic activities and the relevant individual art forms. Third, in terms of its participation in aesthetic subject classification of aesthetic activities, it is often concerned with the aesthetic activities related to the social intellectuals, and the conclusion of the aesthetic activities of other social groups is relatively small. The fourth, in terms of the times of the study of its aesthetic activities, most of the modern aesthetic activities are the entry point of the academic research. The human civilization with the development history of the thousand years has left many aesthetic subjects worthy of further exploration in the field of aesthetic sociology. In this paper, through the selection of the typical background, the corresponding study is taken for the aesthetic interest of the specific class and the aesthetic activities related to the specific art form. Methods: The research depth of the micro-mesoscopic level in the field of the study of the aesthetic sociology was widened, and the specific contents of the study were given. On the basis of the establishment of the early regime, in order to strengthen the control of the Central Plains, the social productive forces have been obtained in order to strengthen the control of the Central Plains. gradually restored. By the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the time of the middle period of the Ming Dynasty gradually reached the strength and the economy By the time of the prosperity of the commodity economy, the middle class of the Ming Dynasty began to not It is an important force for the development of China to the modern society, and it is of great importance to the political, ideological, social and academic development of the Ming Dynasty. The effect of the influence of the Ming Dynasty is the most rich shadow of the Ming Dynasty. A class that has a great influence on the development of the whole society, and whether the taste of the aesthetic interest can be made to the development of the art of the times. What's the important effect? It's supposed to be feasible, What's the basis? And how they're creating a shadow? In response to this 鈥淎ssumptions鈥，
本文编号：2415091
[Abstract]:From the perspective of the present situation and meaning of the study of the aesthetic taste, the aesthetic appreciation and the aesthetic creation of the art forms such as painting, building and music from the perspective of sociology are the new direction of the modern aesthetic study. The aesthetic sociology, which is the subject of modern aesthetics, is the reflection of this research direction. Its development, accumulation and present situation have its own academic characteristics. First, on the basis of its research results and accumulation, the theoretical system of the macro-level has been basically established and improved. Second, in view of the research method of its aesthetic activities, most of them are based on the beauty of the aesthetic activities. The specific micro-research level has considerable academic research space for the corresponding research of the specific group's aesthetic activities and the relevant individual art forms. Third, in terms of its participation in aesthetic subject classification of aesthetic activities, it is often concerned with the aesthetic activities related to the social intellectuals, and the conclusion of the aesthetic activities of other social groups is relatively small. The fourth, in terms of the times of the study of its aesthetic activities, most of the modern aesthetic activities are the entry point of the academic research. The human civilization with the development history of the thousand years has left many aesthetic subjects worthy of further exploration in the field of aesthetic sociology. In this paper, through the selection of the typical background, the corresponding study is taken for the aesthetic interest of the specific class and the aesthetic activities related to the specific art form. Methods: The research depth of the micro-mesoscopic level in the field of the study of the aesthetic sociology was widened, and the specific contents of the study were given. On the basis of the establishment of the early regime, in order to strengthen the control of the Central Plains, the social productive forces have been obtained in order to strengthen the control of the Central Plains. gradually restored. By the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the time of the middle period of the Ming Dynasty gradually reached the strength and the economy By the time of the prosperity of the commodity economy, the middle class of the Ming Dynasty began to not It is an important force for the development of China to the modern society, and it is of great importance to the political, ideological, social and academic development of the Ming Dynasty. The effect of the influence of the Ming Dynasty is the most rich shadow of the Ming Dynasty. A class that has a great influence on the development of the whole society, and whether the taste of the aesthetic interest can be made to the development of the art of the times. What's the important effect? It's supposed to be feasible, What's the basis? And how they're creating a shadow? In response to this 鈥淎ssumptions鈥，
本文编号：2415091
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