明清苏松地区民间信仰研究
发布时间：2019-05-23 01:30
【摘要】： 本论文在充分掌握相关领域学术史的基础上，结合相关理论，深入挖掘史料，从各个不同的角度对明清时期苏松地区的民间信仰进行了深入的研究，试图比较全面地展现该地区民间信仰的存在状态及其特点。 论文首先提出了民间信仰的社会生态这一概念，它有两方面的含义，一是探讨民间信仰与政治、经济、文化等多重因素的交互作用，也就是社会结构对民间信仰的引导、制约作用及民间信仰的反作用。而后者则是指应当关注作为信仰主体的人在民间信仰存在与发展过程中的作用。人群的利益取向在观照其信仰行为时，同样值得注意。这就不同与以往很多研究中仅仅从心理需求或社会经济角度对民间信仰进行的考察。 在考察明清苏松民间信仰的整体状况时，论文将祭祀圈的理论引入到了江南民间信仰的研究中，认为在苏松地区存在有村落内祭祀圈、跨村落祭祀圈、镇域祭祀圈以及跨镇域祭祀圈等四类祭祀圈形态，基本反映了当地各类祭祀行为的实态，其形成发展既与民众心理需求相关，同时还跟社会经济的发展、国家力量的下渗等因素结合在一起。 同时，，论文并不满足于单纯地将祭祀圈理论运用于江南地方信仰的研究，而是通过对史料的细读，发掘出了“庙界”“台脚”这样一些乡土概念，将其视为祭祀圈的民间表达，并且试图从这一角度来更加深入地理解苏松民众的信仰观念与信仰行为，充分体现了对人类学中所谓“文化持有者的内部眼界”这一方法的理解与运用。 论文还认为，普通小农在民间信仰中扮演了至关重要的角色，民间信仰中的奢侈行为往往为官方所指责，但事实上，官方的态度是偏颇的，研究表明，此类行为一般情况下并不会给普通农民增加负担，反而是其释放压力的方式，在信仰狂欢的背后，小农是有其经济理性的存在的。 关于知识分子对民间信仰的态度，论文指出一方面士人熟知经典的相关论述，但另一方面又始终无法摆脱对神灵的依赖，再加上地方公益、家族或个人私利搀杂其中，因此就使多数士人的祠祀观念呈现出多重的复杂面相，而信仰的利益取向在中下层士人身上体现得尤其明显。 国家与地方信仰的关系是论文的另一个重要论述方面。作者认为国家因着统治的需要对民间信仰采取了怀柔与禁毁的双重政策，论文一方面以周孝子为例，详细讨论了国家吸收民间信仰符号的行为及其效果，认为并不理想；另一方面则首次从总体上对明清苏松地区的毁淫祠活动进行了研究，讨论了毁淫祠的背景、内容、展开方式及其与地方社会的关系等。在详尽讨论两种方式的基础上，论文还认为尽管事实表明它们的效果并不理想，但是国家的相关制度与观念还是在潜移默化中影响着民间信仰的发展进程，这一点在祭祀圈的构建中就有所表现。 最后，论文还首次提出了民间信仰的中间状态这样一个概念，认为从民间信仰的社会生态角度考察，在明清苏松民间信仰领域，在任何情况下，任何因素都不可能单独发挥作用，无论是社会结构中的各要素还是各类人群的利益取向，其关系都呈现出一种缠绵复杂的状态，它们的合力塑就了明清苏松民间信仰的形态与特征，这种特征之一就是在民间信仰领域中出现了若干中间状态，如祀典与淫祀之间私祀的存在，信仰活动与相关仪式中神圣与世俗的并村，再如在信仰程度上的因时因地而异等等。事实上，正是对这些中问状态的持续关注与研究或许可以进一步加深关于常态生活中民间信仰的理解与把握。
[Abstract]:On the basis of full knowledge of the academic history in the relevant fields, this paper makes an in-depth study on the folk beliefs in the Song and Song area of the Ming and Qing Dynasties by combining the relevant theories and deeply mining the historical materials. An attempt is made to show the existence and characteristics of the folk beliefs in the region. The paper first puts forward the concept of the social ecology of folk belief, it has two aspects, one is to explore the interaction of the folk belief with the multiple factors such as politics, economy and culture, and the guide, the restriction role and the folk letter of the social structure to the folk belief. The latter refers to the existence and development of a person of concern as a subject of faith in the existence and development of folk beliefs. The role of the people in the process of the people's interests. It's worth noting. It's different from a lot of previous studies, from a psychological need or a socio-economic perspective to folk beliefs. On the basis of the investigation of the overall situation of the folk beliefs of the Song and Song Dynasties in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the paper introduced the theory of the sacrifice circle into the study of the folk beliefs in the south of the Yangtze, and found that there are the sacrifice circle in the village, the sacrifice circle of the village, the sacrifice circle of the town and the cross-town domain. The form of four kinds of sacrificial circles, such as the sacrifice circle, basically reflects the real state of all kinds of sacrificial activities in the locality, which is related to the people's psychological needs, and also the development of the social economy and the state power. At the same time, the thesis does not satisfy the study of using the theory of the sacrifice circle in the local belief in the south of the Yangtze River, but by the fine reading of the historical materials, the author has unearthed some local concepts such as the "Taiwan's feet" in the temple, and regarded it as the folk expression of the sacrifice circle, and tried to understand the belief and belief of the people in the Song Dynasty from this angle, which fully reflected the so-called "culture hold" in anthropology. a person's internal eye-opening "The understanding and application of this method also holds that the common small-scale farmers play a crucial role in the folk belief, and the luxury behavior in folk beliefs is often the official blame, but in fact, the official attitude is biased, and the study table In general, this kind of behavior will not add a burden to the ordinary peasants, but rather the way it releases the pressure On the back of the revelry of faith, the small-scale peasant is the existence of its economic reason. On the one hand, the paper points out on the one hand the attitude of the intellectual to the folk belief. People are well-known about the classic, but on the other hand, they can't get rid of the dependence on the gods, and add local public welfare, family or personal property. In this way, the concept of the temple of most of the people is multiple. The relationship between the state and the local belief is another important theory of the paper. On the one hand, the author thinks that the state has adopted the double policy of Huairou and the destruction of the folk belief because of the need of the rule. On the one hand, the paper discusses the behavior and effect of the national absorbing folk belief symbol in detail, and it is not ideal; on the other hand, it is the first time. This paper, on the whole, studied the activities of the ruined masturbation in the Song and Song area of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and discussed the background, contents, the way of spreading and the relation with the local society, etc. On the basis of the detailed discussion of the two ways, the paper also thinks that the effect is not the same as the fact. Ideal, but the country's system and concept The process of the development of the folk belief is influenced in the submerging, which is shown in the construction of the sacrifice circle. Finally, the paper also puts forward the intermediate state of folk belief for the first time. As a concept, it is thought that from the angle of the social ecology of folk belief, in the area of the folk belief of the Song and Song of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, in any case, any factor may not function alone, whether the elements in the social structure or the interests of all kinds of people The relationship between them is a kind of complicated state, and their combined force is the form and characteristic of the folk belief of the Song and Song of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, one of which is the existence of a number of intermediate states in the field of folk belief, such as the existence of a private affair between the Chinese and the old. The sacred and secular and village of faith and related ceremonies, as of the time of faith, and so on. In fact, it is
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K248
本文编号：2483474
[Abstract]:On the basis of full knowledge of the academic history in the relevant fields, this paper makes an in-depth study on the folk beliefs in the Song and Song area of the Ming and Qing Dynasties by combining the relevant theories and deeply mining the historical materials. An attempt is made to show the existence and characteristics of the folk beliefs in the region. The paper first puts forward the concept of the social ecology of folk belief, it has two aspects, one is to explore the interaction of the folk belief with the multiple factors such as politics, economy and culture, and the guide, the restriction role and the folk letter of the social structure to the folk belief. The latter refers to the existence and development of a person of concern as a subject of faith in the existence and development of folk beliefs. The role of the people in the process of the people's interests. It's worth noting. It's different from a lot of previous studies, from a psychological need or a socio-economic perspective to folk beliefs. On the basis of the investigation of the overall situation of the folk beliefs of the Song and Song Dynasties in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the paper introduced the theory of the sacrifice circle into the study of the folk beliefs in the south of the Yangtze, and found that there are the sacrifice circle in the village, the sacrifice circle of the village, the sacrifice circle of the town and the cross-town domain. The form of four kinds of sacrificial circles, such as the sacrifice circle, basically reflects the real state of all kinds of sacrificial activities in the locality, which is related to the people's psychological needs, and also the development of the social economy and the state power. At the same time, the thesis does not satisfy the study of using the theory of the sacrifice circle in the local belief in the south of the Yangtze River, but by the fine reading of the historical materials, the author has unearthed some local concepts such as the "Taiwan's feet" in the temple, and regarded it as the folk expression of the sacrifice circle, and tried to understand the belief and belief of the people in the Song Dynasty from this angle, which fully reflected the so-called "culture hold" in anthropology. a person's internal eye-opening "The understanding and application of this method also holds that the common small-scale farmers play a crucial role in the folk belief, and the luxury behavior in folk beliefs is often the official blame, but in fact, the official attitude is biased, and the study table In general, this kind of behavior will not add a burden to the ordinary peasants, but rather the way it releases the pressure On the back of the revelry of faith, the small-scale peasant is the existence of its economic reason. On the one hand, the paper points out on the one hand the attitude of the intellectual to the folk belief. People are well-known about the classic, but on the other hand, they can't get rid of the dependence on the gods, and add local public welfare, family or personal property. In this way, the concept of the temple of most of the people is multiple. The relationship between the state and the local belief is another important theory of the paper. On the one hand, the author thinks that the state has adopted the double policy of Huairou and the destruction of the folk belief because of the need of the rule. On the one hand, the paper discusses the behavior and effect of the national absorbing folk belief symbol in detail, and it is not ideal; on the other hand, it is the first time. This paper, on the whole, studied the activities of the ruined masturbation in the Song and Song area of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and discussed the background, contents, the way of spreading and the relation with the local society, etc. On the basis of the detailed discussion of the two ways, the paper also thinks that the effect is not the same as the fact. Ideal, but the country's system and concept The process of the development of the folk belief is influenced in the submerging, which is shown in the construction of the sacrifice circle. Finally, the paper also puts forward the intermediate state of folk belief for the first time. As a concept, it is thought that from the angle of the social ecology of folk belief, in the area of the folk belief of the Song and Song of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, in any case, any factor may not function alone, whether the elements in the social structure or the interests of all kinds of people The relationship between them is a kind of complicated state, and their combined force is the form and characteristic of the folk belief of the Song and Song of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, one of which is the existence of a number of intermediate states in the field of folk belief, such as the existence of a private affair between the Chinese and the old. The sacred and secular and village of faith and related ceremonies, as of the time of faith, and so on. In fact, it is
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K248
【引证文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 吴真;;民间信仰研究三十年[J];民俗研究;2008年04期
2 陈莹;;上海地区曹王信仰研究[J];民间文化论坛;2009年06期
相关博士学位论文 前2条
1 王新民;民间信仰与民众生活研究[D];中央民族大学;2011年
2 王华;权力格局中民间信仰的当代再造[D];武汉大学;2013年
相关硕士学位论文 前6条
1 徐芳芳;明朝官方禳灾研究[D];江西师范大学;2010年
2 刘向权;晚清至民国时期新疆汉族移民民间信仰研究[D];石河子大学;2011年
3 周琳;《聊斋志异》中的民间信仰探析[D];华侨大学;2011年
4 李宛荫;明清临汾帝尧崇祀与地方社会研究[D];苏州大学;2011年
5 谢柯宝;浙东地区妈祖信仰研究[D];宁波大学;2012年
6 应萍儿;仪式变迁与日常生计：信仰与利益之争[D];华东师范大学;2012年
本文编号：2483474
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/shekelunwen/zggdslw/2483474.html
