东汉士林风气与文学发展
发布时间：2019-06-20 02:58
【摘要】：上篇：东汉士林风气 第一章《东汉士人的游学风气》。游学之风，古已有之，东汉尤烈。东汉士人在朝廷表彰儒术、依经取士制度的驱使下，在博学求知学风的感召下，常常负笈远游，仗剑去国。游学几成东汉教育的代名词，成为东汉士人学术与政治生活之常态。游学对东汉的学风、士风、政治、文学创作也产生了重要的影响。 东汉游学之盛表现为官学私学皆盛、幼童老耆皆游学、游学地域不分南北、学习内容多样化即以儒经为主兼及其他等方面。士人周游而学，转益多师，扩大了学术领域，促进了学术交流。东汉游学还具有浓厚的政治色彩，表现为：一是游学成为干谒的主要下段，即游学重在(交)游不在(求)学，士人为能迅速地出人头地，多以游学的名义结交名士、朝臣，以邀名利，此乃东汉中后期仕路日益滞塞和士人心态急功近利、日趋浮躁所致；二是游学助长了汉末处士横议式的清议之风及党同伐异式的结党之风，一方面是以游学的太学生为主体、以批评朝政为中心内容的处士横议；一方面是师生之间、同门之间的关系从荣辱与共到越来越带有政治结党性质，隐然成为与朝廷分庭抗礼、与宦官集团势不两立的政治集团。党锢之祸遂不可避免。东汉游学的兴盛，普及了文化，扩大了士人队伍，为文人群体的兴起奠定基础，从而为东汉文学的发展打下了主体基础。而且游学的艰苦、游学者的失意为文人文学创作提供了题材。 第二章《东汉士人的隐逸风气》。东汉士人重隐逸，范晔《后汉书》中列有《逸民列传》、《独行列传》专门加以介绍。东汉隐逸具有自己的时代特色，隐者中不仅有和光同尘的真隐，而且还有身隐心不隐和以隐待仕的假隐。“真隐”固然对朝廷和州郡的征聘屡辟不至，而“假隐”则在超脱世外的外表下，醉心于蒲轮安车不绝于道的喧闹。但总体上说，“真隐”数量甚众，反映出东汉士人慷慨尚气、重德守德的社会风气，增添了东汉的风俗之美。同时，不少隐士并不一味消极遁世，而是通过开门授徒、著书立说的方式关心政治，关注社会民生，，从而产生了若干在思想史或文学史上有影响的作品。东汉隐逸风气对文学创作的影响在于：拒绝尘世浮躁、喧闹的隐居生活方式为文人文学的创作提供了幽静、飘逸、从容的意境；隐士们无欲则刚的处世方式有助于宣泄失意文人的愤激情绪；无拘无束“神
[Abstract]:The first part: the first chapter of the Shilin atmosphere of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the traveling and Learning atmosphere of the Scholars in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The style of traveling and learning has existed in ancient times, especially in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The scholars of the Eastern Han Dynasty, driven by the system of honoring Confucianism and taking scholars according to the scriptures, were often called by the style of learning and learning, and often traveled to the country by sword. Tourism became synonymous with Eastern Han Dynasty education and became the norm of academic and political life of scholars in Eastern Han Dynasty. Tourism also had an important influence on the style of study, scholar style, politics and literary creation in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The prosperity of travel in the Eastern Han Dynasty is manifested in the prosperity of official and private schools, the travel of young children and Lao Qi, the north and south of the study area, and the diversification of learning content, that is, Confucianism and other aspects. Scholars travel around to learn, change to benefit many teachers, expand the academic field, promote academic exchanges. Travel in the Eastern Han Dynasty also has a strong political color, which is as follows: first, tourism has become the main lower section of the official audience, that is, travel is the main part of the audience, that is, the study of travel is focused on not being in (seeking) learning, scholars can get ahead quickly, and most of them make friends with famous people, courtiers and invite fame and fortune in the name of traveling. This is caused by the increasing stagnation of official roads and the impatience of scholars in the middle and late Eastern Han Dynasty. Second, travel contributed to the style of political discussion in the late Han Dynasty and the style of party joining with others in the late Han Dynasty. On the one hand, it was a political group with Tai students as the main body and criticism of the government as the central content; on the one hand, the relationship between teachers and students, from honor and disgrace to more and more political party formation, became a political group that stood up to the court and was at odds with eunuch groups. The disaster of party imprisonment is inevitable. The prosperity of travel in the Eastern Han Dynasty popularized culture, expanded the ranks of scholars, laid the foundation for the rise of literati groups, and thus laid the main foundation for the development of literature in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Moreover, the hardship of traveling and the frustration of travel scholars provide the subject matter for literati literary creation. The second chapter is the seclusion atmosphere of scholars in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The scholars of the Eastern Han Dynasty regained seclusion, and Fan Ye's the Book of the later Han Dynasty listed the Biography of Yi Min, and the Biography of the one-way Story was specially introduced in Fan Ye's Book of the later Han Dynasty. The seclusion of the Eastern Han Dynasty has its own characteristics of the times. Among the recluse, there is not only the true concealment of the dust with the light, but also the hidden heart and the false concealment of waiting for official affairs. Of course, the recruitment of the court and the state and county has been repeated, while the false concealment has been fascinated by the noise of the road under the appearance of surpassing the world. the "true hidden" is of course repeated to the recruitment of the court and the state and county, while the "false concealment" is obsessed with the noise of the road under the appearance beyond the world. However, on the whole, the number of "Zhenyin" is very large, reflecting the generosity of the scholars of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the emphasis on morality and morality, and the beauty of the customs of the Eastern Han Dynasty. At the same time, many hermit do not blindly escape from the world, but care about politics and people's livelihood by opening the door to teach disciples and write books, thus producing a number of works that have influence in the history of thought or literary history. The influence of seclusion atmosphere in the Eastern Han Dynasty on literary creation lies in: rejecting impetuous and noisy seclusion life style provides quiet, elegant and leisurely artistic conception for literati literature creation; hermit's way of dealing with life without desire is helpful to vent the anger of frustrated literati; and unfettered "God".
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：K234.2;I206.2
本文编号：2502858
[Abstract]:The first part: the first chapter of the Shilin atmosphere of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the traveling and Learning atmosphere of the Scholars in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The style of traveling and learning has existed in ancient times, especially in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The scholars of the Eastern Han Dynasty, driven by the system of honoring Confucianism and taking scholars according to the scriptures, were often called by the style of learning and learning, and often traveled to the country by sword. Tourism became synonymous with Eastern Han Dynasty education and became the norm of academic and political life of scholars in Eastern Han Dynasty. Tourism also had an important influence on the style of study, scholar style, politics and literary creation in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The prosperity of travel in the Eastern Han Dynasty is manifested in the prosperity of official and private schools, the travel of young children and Lao Qi, the north and south of the study area, and the diversification of learning content, that is, Confucianism and other aspects. Scholars travel around to learn, change to benefit many teachers, expand the academic field, promote academic exchanges. Travel in the Eastern Han Dynasty also has a strong political color, which is as follows: first, tourism has become the main lower section of the official audience, that is, travel is the main part of the audience, that is, the study of travel is focused on not being in (seeking) learning, scholars can get ahead quickly, and most of them make friends with famous people, courtiers and invite fame and fortune in the name of traveling. This is caused by the increasing stagnation of official roads and the impatience of scholars in the middle and late Eastern Han Dynasty. Second, travel contributed to the style of political discussion in the late Han Dynasty and the style of party joining with others in the late Han Dynasty. On the one hand, it was a political group with Tai students as the main body and criticism of the government as the central content; on the one hand, the relationship between teachers and students, from honor and disgrace to more and more political party formation, became a political group that stood up to the court and was at odds with eunuch groups. The disaster of party imprisonment is inevitable. The prosperity of travel in the Eastern Han Dynasty popularized culture, expanded the ranks of scholars, laid the foundation for the rise of literati groups, and thus laid the main foundation for the development of literature in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Moreover, the hardship of traveling and the frustration of travel scholars provide the subject matter for literati literary creation. The second chapter is the seclusion atmosphere of scholars in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The scholars of the Eastern Han Dynasty regained seclusion, and Fan Ye's the Book of the later Han Dynasty listed the Biography of Yi Min, and the Biography of the one-way Story was specially introduced in Fan Ye's Book of the later Han Dynasty. The seclusion of the Eastern Han Dynasty has its own characteristics of the times. Among the recluse, there is not only the true concealment of the dust with the light, but also the hidden heart and the false concealment of waiting for official affairs. Of course, the recruitment of the court and the state and county has been repeated, while the false concealment has been fascinated by the noise of the road under the appearance of surpassing the world. the "true hidden" is of course repeated to the recruitment of the court and the state and county, while the "false concealment" is obsessed with the noise of the road under the appearance beyond the world. However, on the whole, the number of "Zhenyin" is very large, reflecting the generosity of the scholars of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the emphasis on morality and morality, and the beauty of the customs of the Eastern Han Dynasty. At the same time, many hermit do not blindly escape from the world, but care about politics and people's livelihood by opening the door to teach disciples and write books, thus producing a number of works that have influence in the history of thought or literary history. The influence of seclusion atmosphere in the Eastern Han Dynasty on literary creation lies in: rejecting impetuous and noisy seclusion life style provides quiet, elegant and leisurely artistic conception for literati literature creation; hermit's way of dealing with life without desire is helpful to vent the anger of frustrated literati; and unfettered "God".
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：K234.2;I206.2
【引证文献】
相关博士学位论文 前2条
1 蒋波;秦汉时期的隐逸现象及相关问题研究[D];西北大学;2012年
2 张兰花;曹魏士风递嬗与文学新变[D];浙江大学;2012年
相关硕士学位论文 前4条
1 陈小韦;“若有知音赏，不辞唱遍阳春”[D];浙江大学;2011年
2 林亚楠;东汉桓灵时期散文研究[D];山东师范大学;2012年
3 刘成敏;王符《潜夫论》研究[D];浙江大学;2012年
4 白幽兰;从《白虎通义》管窥东汉社会人伦秩序建构[D];华东师范大学;2013年
本文编号：2502858
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