抗战时期湖南的难民及难民救济

发布时间：2018-01-05 12:29

本文关键词：抗战时期湖南的难民及难民救济　出处：《湘潭大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本选题考察的是从1937年全面抗战爆发到1945年抗战胜利期间的湖南难民及难民救济问题。日本侵略战争和这期间自然灾害的频发,破坏了正常的社会秩序,导致省内产生了大量的难民,形成了严重的社会问题,同时外省也涌进了大量难民,加重了湖南省的承受力,急需开展救济工作。这期间湖南省内的难民人数多、种类繁杂、文化程度参差不齐,既有省内产生的本土难民又有许多来自于全国各地尤其是敌占区的难民。但难民所面临的问题主要集中在衣、食、住、行得不到保障;医疗卫生问题急需解决;人身安全受到威胁;不法分子和汪伪特务混杂其中;难童教育急需解决。为了解决这些至关重要的问题,湖南省政府在南京国民政府的指导下,制定了难民救济的宗旨,成立了许多难民救济机构,颁布了一系列具体的难民救济政策,同时广开救济经费来源,号召社会各种慈善团体、宗教组织、社会贤达纷纷参与难民救济。通过政府及民间团体与个人的努力,湖南省的难民压力得到了缓解,稳定了湖南地区的社会秩序,解决了许多难民面临的困难,为湖南抗战乃至全国抗战做出了杰出的贡献,同时在难民的救济过程中也暴露出了许多政府的不足与缺陷,没有达到难民所期待的效果。
[Abstract]:This topic is to investigate the issue of refugees and refugee relief in Hunan during the outbreak of the War of Resistance against Japan from 1937 to the victory of the War of Resistance in 1945. The Japanese war of aggression and the frequent occurrence of natural disasters during this period. Destroyed the normal social order, resulting in a large number of refugees in the province, formed a serious social problems, at the same time, the province also poured into a large number of refugees, increased the endurance of Hunan Province. It is urgent to carry out relief work. During this period, the number of refugees in Hunan Province is large, the variety is complex, and the education level is not uniform. There are not only native refugees in the province but also many refugees from all parts of the country, especially in enemy-occupied areas. However, the problems faced by refugees are mainly concentrated in clothing, food, shelter and transportation. Medical and health problems need to be solved urgently; Threats to the security of the person; The lawless elements and the secret agent Wang Puppet mingled with each other; In order to solve these critical problems, the Hunan Provincial Government, under the guidance of the Nanjing National Government, has formulated the purpose of refugee relief and established many refugee relief agencies. Has promulgated a series of specific refugee relief policies, at the same time opened up the relief funds source, called on the community various charitable organizations, the religious organization. Social leaders have participated in refugee relief. Through the efforts of the government, civil society and individuals, the pressure of refugees in Hunan has been alleviated, the social order in Hunan has been stabilized, and many refugees have been solved. It has made outstanding contributions to the War of Resistance against Japan in Hunan and even to the whole country. At the same time, it has also exposed the shortcomings and defects of many governments in the process of refugee relief, and failed to achieve the effect expected by the refugees.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：K265

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