国民政府对西南少数民族政策之转变:以抗战时期动员西康彝族修筑乐西公路为中心的讨论

发布时间：2018-02-01 22:55

本文关键词： 抗战时期国民政府西康彝族乐西公路　出处：《抗日战争研究》2014年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：抗战爆发前,国民政府维护"五族"的民族政治结构,对西南彝族、苗族等少数民族代表争取民族权利和民族地位的运动未予以积极回应。1939年后,国民政府积极建设以西昌为中心的西康宁属地区,组织兴修乐西公路。为与西康省政当局进行政治竞争,国民政府积极介入西康彝务,利用宁属地方上层人物和有着中央受训经历的彝族精英,动员彝胞参与筑路,积极培养彝族干部。筑路和通车前后,国民政府积极宣传彝工对于筑路的贡献,正面呈现彝族的民族形象,在某种程度上可视为对西南少数民族地位的政治承认。对抗战时期国民政府对西南少数民族政策的研究,有助于反思海内外学界长期以来对于国民政府推行"同化"政策、否认民族差异的既有看法。
[Abstract]:Before the outbreak of the War of Resistance against Japan, the National Government maintained the national political structure of the "five ethnic groups" and failed to respond positively to the movement of the representatives of the ethnic minorities such as the Yi nationality and the Miao nationality in southwest China to fight for their national rights and national status. After 1939. The National Government actively built Xichang as the center of the Xichang affiliated region, organized the construction of the Xichang West Highway. In order to carry out political competition with the Xichang provincial government, the National Government actively involved in Xikang Yi affairs. Using the Yi elites who belong to the local upper class and have the central training experience, mobilize Yi compatriots to participate in the road construction, actively train the Yi cadres. Before and after the road construction and opening, the National Government actively propagandizes the Yi workers' contribution to the road construction. To a certain extent, it can be regarded as the political recognition of the status of the ethnic minorities in southwest China, and the study on the policies of the National Government in the period of the War of Resistance against Japan. It is helpful to reflect on the view that the national government has carried out the policy of assimilation and denied the ethnic differences for a long time in the academic circles at home and abroad.
【作者单位】：复旦大学历史学系;
【分类号】：K265
【正文快照】： 对于民国时期国民政府对待国内少数民族的政策,海内外学界长期持有相对一致的看法,即认为国民政府推行“同化”政策、否认民族差异。?这些研究的出发点和落脚点虽各有不同,但多以抗战时期以蒋介石名义发表的《中国之命运》的相关论述及1942年蒋本人在西宁的讲话为论据,指出国

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