抗战时期天水地区交通开发与社会变迁研究

发布时间：2018-02-04 04:32

本文关键词： 天水地区抗战时期交通开发社会变迁　出处：《西北师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：天水地区自古以来是甘肃的门户和陕甘川地区的交通枢纽，曾在古丝绸之路上起过重要的驿站作用，境内著名的lg陇道、阴平道等古道都说明该地区曾经交通较为发达，商贸运输亦十分繁忙。近代以来，天水地区却因交通闭塞而日趋落寞。由于历史事件的延续性和继承性，论文在论述时有时候不得不把时间范围适当地往前追溯或向后延伸。因此,本文将首先对天水地区的传统交通运输情况进行简要的概述。接着对民国初期地方军阀孔繁锦为维护自己统治，对伏羌至马鹿镇、云山至定西等多条故道的修缮情况作相关介绍，相比较以前，故道的修缮并没有较大的改观。文章重点介绍了抗战时期，，在前人交通修建的基础上，天水地区因其“大后方”的特殊地位，各项建设受到国民政府的高度重视，交通开发尤其被提上议事日程。华双公路、宝天铁路等的修筑和驿运与水运的再次兴起，使得天水地区交通事业的发展一日千里。虽受技术限制、资金缺乏等因素的影响，使甘川二线与宝天铁路等路的修筑未能取得较好的运输效果。但在当时的历史条件下，交通开发能取得如此成绩，已非易事。交通的开发使得公路运输业、铁路运输业和驿运、水运业发展起来，这为战时大量的军用物资与民众日用品、工业品运输起了重要的作用，也为后期天水交通发展奠定了基础。在交通开发的带动下，社会的各个方面都发生了较大变化。政治军事方面，天水地区曾经发生过辛亥革命、白朗起义、滇军之役、各军阀势力之间的争斗以及国民军与红军之间的较量，蒋介石在抗战时亦曾将其行营设置于天水，从中都可以看出交通运输条件对政治军事格局形成所产生的影响。经济方面，随着交通的开发，使得天水地区的贸易往来变得更为便利，促使张家川等地的皮毛商业等迅速发展，也使得外来人口和企业大量迁入，天水火柴厂、面粉厂等近代化企业也随之发展；文化教育方面，随着国立五中、十中以及中国矿业大学等在天水的办学而有了较大的发展。道路的便捷，使得与外界的交往也变得密切，这对民众思想意识及社会习俗等的变迁都起了重要作用。本文试图从区域史的维度，重点对抗战时期天水地区交通开发的历史脉络进行梳理,探究其交通开发的特点，并在分析大量材料的基础上，对天水地区交通运输事业的发展与社会变迁二者之间的互动关系作相关探讨。
[Abstract]:Tianshui area has been the gateway of Gansu and the transportation hub of Shanganchuan area since ancient times. It has played an important role in the ancient silk road and the famous lglong road. Yinping Road and other ancient roads show that the traffic in this area has been relatively developed, and commercial transportation is very busy. Since modern times, Tianshui area has become increasingly lonely because of the traffic block. Because of the continuity and inheritance of historical events. The paper sometimes has to extend the time range forward or backward in a proper way. This paper will first of all brief overview of the traditional traffic and transportation situation in Tianshui area. Then the local warlords Kong Fan-jin in the early period of the Republic of China to maintain their own rule to Wuqiang to Wapu Town. Yunshan to Dingxi and so on many old road repair situation to make the related introduction, compared with before, the old road repairs did not have the big improvement. The article has introduced the anti-Japanese war period, in the predecessor traffic construction foundation. Tianshui area because of its "rear area" special status, each construction receives the national government highly attention, the transportation development is put on the agenda especially. The construction of Baotian railway and the rising of post and water transportation made the development of transportation in Tianshui area rapid. Although limited by technology and lack of funds and other factors. The construction of Ganchuan second Line and Baotian Railway could not achieve good transportation effect. However, under the historical conditions at that time, it was not easy to achieve such a result in the development of traffic. The development of traffic made the highway transportation industry. The development of railway transportation, post transportation and waterway transportation industry, which played an important role in the transportation of industrial products and laid the foundation for the development of Tianshui transportation in the later period. Under the impetus of traffic development, great changes have taken place in all aspects of society. In the political and military aspects, there have been the 1911 Revolution, Bai Lang uprising and the battle of the Yunnan Army in Tianshui area. In the struggle between the warlords and between the national army and the Red Army, Jiang Jieshi also set his battalion in Tianshui during the War of Resistance against Japan. From this, we can see the influence of transportation conditions on the formation of political and military pattern. In the economic aspect, with the development of traffic, trade in Tianshui becomes more convenient. To promote the rapid development of fur commerce such as Zhangjiachuan and other places, but also to make a large number of foreign people and enterprises to move in, Tianshui match factory, flour mill and other modern enterprises have also developed; In terms of culture and education, with the national five middle school, the tenth middle school and the China University of Mining and other schools in Tianshui and have a great development. The convenient way, make the contact with the outside world has become closer. This has played an important role in the changes of people's ideology and social customs. This paper attempts to comb the historical context of traffic development in Tianshui area during the Anti-Japanese War from the dimension of regional history, explore the characteristics of traffic development, and on the basis of analyzing a large number of materials. This paper discusses the relationship between the development of transportation and social changes in Tianshui area.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：K265

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