近代张家川皮毛贸易研究

发布时间：2018-02-04 08:57

本文关键词： 张家川皮毛贸易皮毛加工　出处：《陕西师范大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 皮毛贸易是近代西北地区重要的商业活动之一。尤其是同治回民起义后,西北回族的皮毛贸易发展更加深入。对近代西北皮毛贸易的研究不仅能细化近代西北经济的发展与变迁,而且也对现代该行业的发展具有一定的指导意义。迄今,有关西北皮毛贸易的研究主要集中在整个西北地区的宏观研究,而以某地区为例的微观研究却比较少见。本文拟在借鉴前人研究成果的基础上,将近代张家川作为微观研究对象,利用历史学与民族学等相关学科理论与研究方法,对近代张家川皮毛贸易进行相关论述。论文从近代张家川皮毛贸易兴起的原因入手,划分了其历史阶段,并对张家川在西北皮毛贸易中的市场地位和贸易机构做了相应介绍,最后对张家川熟皮贸易与加工历史以及工艺做了简单概括。全文共分三个部分：第一部分是近代张家川皮毛贸易概况,是总括章节,对近代张家川皮毛贸易作了整体介绍。该部分主要论述了近代张家川皮毛贸易兴起的原因与其发展的历史阶段两个问题。通过论述得出：近代张家川皮毛贸易兴起的关键因素是外部因素,这些外部因素包括回民起义的影响、发达国家的原料掠夺与洋行的进驻、近代皮毛贸易路线与交通状况等三个方面；近代张家川皮毛贸易分为兴起时、初步繁荣、萧条转型、全面恢复等四个历史时期,每个历史时期其皮毛贸易的特点与重点都有所不同。第二部分是近代张家川皮毛贸易的市场地位与贸易机构,属于专题章节。该部分介绍了近代张家川皮毛贸易的原料来源、贸易路线和范围以及市场地位；介绍了专营皮毛的贸易实体洋行和货栈以及这些贸易机构的税收等问题。通过论述得出：近代张家川皮毛贸易得益于周边大量的皮毛出产的支撑,其在市场中处于中转与集汇的二级市场地位；洋行和本地货栈的发展主要集中在民国元年后的时间段当中,虽然它们都刺激了本地皮毛贸易的发展与繁荣,但同时也通过各种方式转嫁资金负担获取利润。其实,皮毛贸易发展最终的依靠力量仍然是大量的皮毛贸易商贩。第三部分是近代张家川皮毛加工贸易历史与制作工艺,属于专题章节。该部分对熟皮贸易做了相关介绍,其中包括对近代张家川皮毛加工的历史变迁的考察；对皮毛加工作坊及其商号发展相关问题的论述；最后对近代张家川皮毛熟制方法做了总结与介绍。总之,近代张家川皮毛贸易兴起有各个方面的原因,也呈现出不同的发展趋向,但总体上呈上升趋势。近代张家川皮毛贸易市场在整个西北皮毛贸易中的地位不可忽视,而张家川皮毛贸易的洋行货栈等机构发展有自身的特点,对其历史地位也应该有公正的认识。民国后期,张家川皮毛贸易的主要内容逐渐转变为熟皮贸易,相应地皮毛加工一时蔚然成风,其加工工艺也有了逐步的改进。也对解放后张家川皮毛贸易的持续繁荣与发展奠定了一定基础。
[Abstract]:The fur trade is one of the most important commercial activities in Northwest China. In modern times especially Tongzhi Hui uprising, more in-depth development of fur trade in Northwest Hui. Study of modern fur trade in northwest development and changes can not only refine the modern economy in the west, but also the development of modern industry has a certain significance. So far, macro study on fur trade in Northwest China are mainly concentrated in the northwest region, and a micro research area as an example, is relatively rare. This article is based on the results from previous studies, the modern Zhangjiachuan as the research object, using history and ethnology and other related disciplines theory and research methods, discusses on the fur. Trade in modern Zhangjiachuan.
The reasons from the fur trade in modern Zhangjiachuan rise, divides its historical stage, and the market position of Zhangjiachuan in the northwest fur trade and trade mechanism is introduced, finally the Zhangjiachuan leather trade and processing history and technology are briefly introduced. The thesis consists of three parts:
The first part is the overview of modern fur trade in Zhangjiachuan, in sections of modern fur trade in Zhangjiachuan has made the overall introduction. This part mainly discusses the reasons and the history of the development stage of the rise of modern fur trade in Zhangjiachuan in two. I conclude that the key factors of the rise of modern fur trade in Zhangjiachuan is the external factors, the external factors include influence of the Hui uprising, in the plunder of raw materials and the foreign developed countries, three aspects of modern fur trade routes and traffic conditions; modern fur trade in Zhangjiachuan is divided into initial rise, prosperity, recession transformation, the full restoration of four historic stages, each historical period and its key features of the fur trade are different.
The second part is the market position and trade agencies of modern fur trade in Zhangjiachuan, which belongs to the special chapter. This part introduces the modern fur trade in Zhangjiachuan, the sources of raw materials, trade routes and market position; the franchise fur trading entities and warehouses and the trade to foreign institutions and tax issues. I conclude that in modern Zhangjiachuan the fur trade from the surrounding a large number of fur production support, its market position in the two level of transferring and sinks in the market; the time development and the local warehouse Matheson mainly concentrated in the first year of the Republic of China, although they have stimulated the development and prosperity of the fur trade, but also through a variety of ways to pass on the burden of funding profits. In fact, the fur trade development ultimately depends on a large number of fur trade traders.
The third part is the modern Zhangjiachuan fur processing trade history and production process, which belongs to the special chapter. This part introduced the leather trade, including the investigation of historical changes of modern Zhangjiachuan fur processing; of leather workshops and business development related issues discussed; finally we make a summary and introduction of modern Zhangjiachuan fur preparation method.
In short, the rise of modern fur trade in Zhangjiachuan has various reasons, also show different trends of development, but the overall upward trend. The modern fur trade in Zhangjiachuan market position in the northwest fur trade can not be ignored, and the development of Zhangjiachuan Fur Trade Co. warehouse and other institutions have their own characteristics, the historical position should also have a fair understanding. The main contents of the late Republic of China, Zhangjiachuan fur trade gradually transformed into leather trade, the fur processing prevails, the process has also been gradually improved after the liberation of Zhangjiachuan. The fur trade continued prosperity and development has laid a foundation.

【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K252

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