离异与回归—梁济与转型中的中国近代文化

发布时间：2018-03-02 17:39

本文选题：梁济　切入点：离异与回归　出处：《山西师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：梁济是一位生活在清季民初社会转型时期的传统文人。他从小接受严格的儒家传统教育，传统文化对其以后的行为取向产生了深刻影响。民族危机加深，西学东渐冲击着中国士人的传统观念。清末梁济积极向西方学习，留心时务。政治上，赞成变法改革，反对暴力革命。文化上，积极进行社会改革。改革教育、改良戏剧、办白话报，目的是开启民智，唤醒爱国热情。可见梁济是一位温和渐进的改良派，是清末时期思想的急先锋。1878-1912年，这是梁济对传统文化的“离异”，其思想的重心是向西方学习。辛亥革命后，清朝覆亡，梁济在无奈中接受民国，其思想重心随之发生逆转，开始观察民国时局走向，并提出希望民国善治的期望。事与愿违，，民初时局民生困窘民德堕落，梁济对此提出“道德立国”。这是梁济向传统文化的初步回归。国会召开后，政党政争议员腐败，梁济提出“国性救国”，呼吁保存民族特性。这是梁济向传统文化的较大回归。民初时局愈演愈烈，社会更加混乱，梁济毅然选择殉身保存道义。除此之外，自民国建立后，梁济思想中始终存在一种割舍不断的恋旧情结，这亦是其向传统文化的回归。1912-1918年，这是梁济向传统文化的“回归”，其思想重心是从传统文化中寻求救国之道。本文以梁济为研究中心，通过分析梁济与以梁济为代表的这一批人士对中学与西学前后认识的思想变化，来反映民初社会转型时期特有的这一文化现象，即“梁济现象”。面对民国种种社会失序现象，他们否定西方文化，转而强调中国传统文化，目的是使传统文化不至断绝。他们从传统文化中寻求救国之策，中国近代文化转型遭受挫折，由此说明近代文化转型之困境。
[Abstract]:Liang Ji is a traditional literati who lived in the period of social transformation in the early Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China. He received strict Confucian traditional education as a child. The traditional culture had a profound influence on his future behavior and the national crisis deepened. In the late Qing Dynasty, Liang Ji was actively learning from the West and paying attention to the times. Politically, he was in favour of reform of the law and opposed to violent revolution. Culturally, he was actively engaged in social reform, education, and drama. The purpose of the vernacular newspaper is to open up the wisdom of the people and awaken patriotic enthusiasm. It can be seen that Liang Ji is a moderate and progressive reformist who was the vanguard of the thought in the late Qing Dynasty. This is Liang Ji's "divorce" from traditional culture, and the focus of his thought is to learn from the West. After the Revolution of 1911, the Qing Dynasty collapsed, Liang Ji accepted the Republic of China in helplessness, and its center of thought reversed, began to observe the current situation of the Republic of China, and put forward the hope that the Republic of China good governance. Liang Ji put forward the idea of "building a country by virtue". This is the initial return of Liang Ji to the traditional culture. After the Congress was held, political parties and members of parliament were corrupt. Liang Ji put forward "national salvation" and called for the preservation of national identity. This is Liang Ji's greater return to traditional culture. The situation in the early Republic of China became increasingly fierce and the society became more chaotic. Liang Ji resolutely chose to die for the preservation of morality. In addition, since the founding of the Republic of China, There is always a kind of nostalgia complex in Liang Ji's thought, which is also his return to traditional culture from 1912 to 1918. This is the "return" of Liang Ji to traditional culture, whose ideological center is to seek the way to save the nation from the traditional culture. This article takes Liang Ji as the research center, through the analysis Liang Ji and the group of people represented by Liang Ji to the middle school and the western school before and after the thought change, to reflect this cultural phenomenon which is unique in the early period of the social transformation of the Republic of China. That is, "Liang Ji phenomenon". In the face of all kinds of social disorder in the Republic of China, they negated western culture and emphasized Chinese traditional culture in order not to cut off traditional culture. They sought strategies to save the country from traditional culture. The transformation of modern Chinese culture suffered setbacks, thus explaining the dilemma of modern cultural transformation.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K252;K258

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