国民党中央民众训练机构研究（1927-1938）

发布时间：2018-03-05 02:35

本文选题：国民党　切入点：民众运动　出处：《吉林大学》2012年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：论文首先详细论述了国民党从北伐开始之前一直到南京国民政府成立之后对民众运动的不同态度，指出在第一次国共合作、国民党改组之后，国民党越来越注重民众运动，意识到民众中蕴含着伟大力量，是推动革命的主力军。但是在北伐进行过程中，由于国共两党对民众运动的不同态度，以及国民党自身对于民众运动掌控能力不足导致国民党上层逐步改变了对民众运动的态度。论文紧接着指出在南京国民政府成立之后，对民众运动的态度从积极支持变为竭力控制，力图将民众运动的规模、范围控制在自己手中。论文然后叙述了南京国民政府成立以后，中央民众训练机构的发展和演变，指出大革命时期的工人、农民、商人、妇女、青年五部已经不复存在，取而代之的是国民党中央民众训练委员会、国民党中央训练部等机构。论文认为随着国民党对民众运动态度的变化，中央民众训练机构也随之变化，而且国民党中央民众训练机构中所谓的“训练”，论文认为是使受训者（民众）接受国民党的一党专政，成为国民一党独裁统治下的顺民。论文指出国民党中央民众指导委员会阶段仅仅是国民党中央民众训练机构的过渡阶段，没有太多可以着墨的地方，而国民党中央训练部阶段和国民党民众运动指导委员会阶段是在国民党基本确定训政之后，这两个阶段是与国民党训政时期要求训育民众成为三民主义的忠实信徒这一宗旨相对应。论文随后指出，在日本帝国主义入侵的的历史背景下，民族矛盾超越阶级矛盾上升为当时中国的主要矛盾，国民党对日态度发生较大改变，国民党在此时也改变了对民众运动的态度，提出要依靠民众、发动民众，发展民众运动以抵抗日本帝国主义的入侵。论文指出，在日本帝国主义全面入侵的历史关头，国共双方再次合作，国民党对于民众运动的态度变化是国民党正确转变的一个重要方面。论文最后指出，国民党中央民众训练机构的发展演变只是机构上的变化，国民党与民众之间的关系实质上并未随着机构的变化发生质的变化，因为国民党并不是一个组织严密的政党，南京国民政府建立前不是，南京国民政府成立后仍然不是，，其党内政治派别众多，而且国民党政府并不是一个严格意义上的党治政府，党部的权力并不能凌驾于政府之上，这最终导致不管其中央民众训练机构如何变化,但是国民党政府并不能真正地掌控民众。
[Abstract]:First of all, the paper discusses in detail the different attitudes of the Kuomintang to the mass movement from the beginning of the Northern Expedition to the establishment of the Nanjing National Government, and points out that after the first KMT cooperation and the KMT reorganization, the KMT has paid more and more attention to the mass movement. Aware that there is a great power among the people and that they are the main force to promote the revolution. But during the Northern Expedition, due to the different attitudes of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party towards the mass movement, And the lack of control over the popular movement by the Kuomintang itself has led to a gradual change in the attitude of the upper levels of the Kuomintang towards the popular movement. The paper then points out that after the establishment of the Nanjing National Government, The attitude towards the mass movement changed from active support to hard control, trying to control the scale and scope of the mass movement in their own hands. The paper then describes the development and evolution of the central people's training institutions after the establishment of the Nanjing National Government, and points out that the five ministries of workers, peasants, businessmen, women and young people no longer exist during the Great Revolution. Instead, the KMT Central people's training Committee, the KMT Central training Department, and other organizations. The paper believes that with the change of the KMT's attitude towards the mass movement, the central people's training institutions will also change. Moreover, the so-called "training" in the Kuomintang Central people's training Institution is considered in the paper to make the trainees (the public) accept the Kuomintang one-party dictatorship. The paper points out that the stage of the KMT Central people's steering Committee is only a transitional stage of the Kuomintang Central people's training Institute, and there is not much to be learned about it. And the stage of the KMT Central training Department and the KMT popular Movement steering Committee stage is after the KMT has basically decided on the training policy. These two stages correspond to the aim of the Kuomintang to teach the people to become faithful believers of the three people's principles. The paper then points out that under the historical background of the Japanese imperialist invasion, the ethnic contradictions surmounted the class contradictions and became the main contradictions in China at that time, and the KMT's attitude towards Japan changed greatly. At this time, the Kuomintang also changed its attitude towards the mass movement, proposing that it should rely on the people, mobilize the people, and develop the mass movement to resist the invasion of Japanese imperialism. The paper points out that at the historical juncture of the Japanese imperialist invasion, The KMT and the Communist Party have again cooperated, and the change in the KMT's attitude towards the mass movement is an important aspect of the correct transformation of the KMT. Finally, the paper points out that the development and evolution of the KMT Central people's training Institution is only an institutional change. In essence, the relationship between the Kuomintang and the people has not changed qualitatively with the changes in institutions, because the KMT is not a tightly organized political party. It was not before the establishment of the Nanjing National Government, and it is still not after the establishment of the Nanjing National Government. The KMT government is not a strictly party-run government, and the power of the Party Department is not superior to the government, which ultimately leads to changes in its central training institutions. But the KMT government does not really control the people.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K263;D693

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