近代天津民间借贷研究

发布时间：2018-03-22 11:51

本文选题：近代天津　切入点：民间借贷　出处：《南开大学》2012年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文以学界较少关注的近代天津城市民间借贷为研究对象，利用天津地方档案以及报纸、文献资料等第一手资料，对近代天津民间借贷进行了较为具体的研究。在研究中利用了经济学和社会学中有关信任、博弈、交易成本等理论工具，力图对近代天津民间借贷在近代的发展脉络以及其与近代天津的经济发展和社会变迁的互动关系进行描述。通过研究表明，近代天津民间借贷的借贷者和借贷资金广泛地分布于天津各个阶级和阶层，民间借贷对民生和工商业的发展都具有重要意义。处于社会转型时期的近代天津，民间借贷风险加大，，社会信任度不高，欠债、避债以及因为民间债务导致的暴力和欺诈现象严重。近代天津高利贷现象盛行，而且社会危害逐渐加大，除了风险高和民间资金供求不平衡以及物价和市场变化的因素外，政府行为对此也有影响。近代天津的民间借贷个人日见信用缺失，保证信用应用广泛，抵押信用也日益流行。传统的民间消费和商业借贷组织和机构如合会、典当、银钱业依然在民间借贷中占有重要地位，但都出现了变迁、危机和衰落，面临着内部与外部的信任危机。典权作为一种传统的民间融资习俗，为民国法律所认可，也受到市场变化的影响。新式银行、合作社等成为民间借贷的新机构，民国时期的天津银行不仅对民间工商业借贷，一些银行也对民间消费借贷较为关注。但是，银行借贷手续繁琐，许多做法与民间习俗不相适应，银行对民间借贷也采取谨慎态度，对民间借贷的作用有限。近代天津政府对民间借贷非常关注，除了采取禁止高利贷、限制当息、立法规范民间借贷等干预措施外，政府也成立银行号规范并直接介入民间借贷。在天津出现自然灾害和市场危机的情况之下，政府还以借贷形式对民间民生和商业进行救助。但是,民间社会与政府并没有建立互相信任关系。近代天津民间借贷依然处在较为困难的形势之下。
[Abstract]:This paper focuses on the private lending in modern Tianjin, which is less concerned by academic circles, and makes use of the first-hand materials such as Tianjin local archives, newspapers, literature and so on. This paper makes a more concrete study on modern Tianjin folk lending. In the research, it uses the theoretical tools of economics and sociology, such as trust, game, transaction cost, etc. This paper tries to describe the development of folk credit in modern Tianjin and its interaction with the economic development and social change of modern Tianjin. In modern Tianjin, the borrowers and loan funds of folk loans were widely distributed among all classes and strata in Tianjin, and folk lending was of great significance to the livelihood of the people and the development of industry and commerce. The risk of private borrowing is increased, the social trust is not high, the debt is owed, the debt avoidance and the violence and fraud caused by the folk debt are serious. The phenomenon of usury in Tianjin is prevalent in modern times, and the social harm is gradually increasing. In addition to the factors of high risk, unbalanced supply and demand of private funds, and changes in prices and markets, government actions also have an impact on this. In recent times, private borrowing and lending individuals in Tianjin became more and more creditworthy, ensuring that credit was widely used. Mortgage credit is also becoming more and more popular. Traditional private consumption and commercial lending organizations and institutions such as association, pawn, and money industry still play an important role in private lending, but both have undergone changes, crises and decline. Faced with internal and external trust crisis. As a traditional folk financing custom, pawning right was recognized by the laws of the Republic of China, and also influenced by market changes. New banks, cooperatives and other new institutions for private lending and lending, During the period of the Republic of China, the Bank of Tianjin not only paid more attention to private commercial and industrial lending, but also paid more attention to private consumption lending. However, the procedures for bank lending were cumbersome, and many practices did not conform to folk customs. Banks also take a cautious attitude towards private lending and have a limited role in private lending. The government of Tianjin in modern times paid great attention to private lending. In addition to taking intervention measures such as prohibiting usury, restricting interest, and legislating to regulate private lending, The government has also set up bank codes and directly intervened in private lending. In the event of natural disasters and market crises in Tianjin, the government also provided assistance to the people's livelihood and commerce in the form of loans. However, Civil society and government did not establish mutual trust relationship.
【学位授予单位】：南开大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F832.9;K26

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