1934-1949年安徽新生活运动研究

发布时间：2018-03-22 13:04

本文选题：新生活运动　切入点：安徽　出处：《安徽大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：新生活运动是以蒋介石为首的南京国民政府推行的一个重大的政治运动、社会运动以及国民教育运动。新生活运动自1934年2月在南昌发起,一直到1949年2月停止办理,前后持续了15年,相比较蒋介石发起的国民经济建设运动以及国民精神总动员运动,这场运动历时最久,且波及全国大部分省市区,对整个国民社会和国民党都产生了深远的影响。本文以1934—1949年安徽新生活运动为研究对象,试图从整体上较为清晰完整的勾勒出安徽新生活运动的具体实行情况,对安徽新生活运动的实行效果进行评析,并分析归纳出安徽新生活运动效果不理想的原因。文章共分为四个部分。第一部分,安徽新生活运动发起的背景及历程。在特殊的历史背景下,蒋介石试图借助新生活运动来复兴民族与国家,抵御外辱并消除共产主义影响,维护自身统治。民国时期安徽有了较大的发展,在响应的全国新生活运动中,安徽省新生活运动的历程与全国新生活运动的基本历程一致。第二部分,安徽新生活运动推行的主体和方式。安徽新生活运动的推行的主体分为推行机构和推行人员两方面来论述。安徽省新生活促进会作为正式的推行机构,制定了相关的组织规章,具体负责指导新生活运动在安徽的开展。推行人员主要有公务人员、警察和学生,以公务人员等服务团员的劝导力量、警察的强制力量和学生教育力量的总和为新生活运动的实际推行动力。推行的方式具体借助劳动服务团,主要采取宣传、指导纠察和实施检查的方法来推行。第三部分,安徽新生活运动推行的内容。新生活运动的内容包含很多方面,主要有“规矩”与“清洁”、禁烟清毒和社会风俗改良、普及教育及识字运动、卫生防疫、战时宣传支援抗战和一些其他方面内容。安徽新生活运动推行的内容是非常多、杂且随着不同时空背景的转变而变化核心内容的。第四部分,安徽新生活运动的评价。安徽新生活运动有一些区别全国其他地方新生活运动的特点,取得了一定的成果,如更多普通的民众学习到清洁和卫生防疫知识,社会环境在风俗改良和禁烟清毒的举措下得到优化,识字运动和体育运动使得国民的身体素质和文明素质得到了提高,战时新生活运动更是有利于抗日战争的早日胜利。但安徽新生活运动的实际效果是有局限的,其原因是多方面的,复杂的。作为一场历时15年的社会运动,新生活运动具有非常重要的历史地位。安徽当今的建设需要借鉴新生活运动中的一些产生了积极影响的举措,同时吸取和避免其中的教训和问题,所以对安徽新生活运动的深入探索研究,具有一定现实的社会意义。
[Abstract]:The New Life Movement is a major political movement, a social movement and a national education movement promoted by the Nanjing National Government headed by Jiang Jieshi. The New Life Movement was launched in Nanchang in February 1934 and ceased to operate in February 1949. It lasted for 15 years, comparing the national economic construction movement launched by Jiang Jieshi and the general mobilization movement of the national spirit, which lasted the longest and affected most provinces and municipalities in the country. It had a profound impact on the entire national society and the Kuomintang. This article takes the new life movement of Anhui Province from 1934-1949 as the research object, attempts to outline the concrete implementation situation of the new life movement of Anhui from the whole, and evaluates the effect of the new life movement in Anhui. And analyzes and summarizes the Anhui new life movement effect is not ideal reason. The article is divided into four parts. The first part is the background and course of the new life movement in Anhui. Under the special historical background, Jiang Jieshi tried to revive the nation and country, resist the foreign humiliation and eliminate the influence of communism, with the help of the new life movement. During the period of the Republic of China, Anhui had a great development. In response to the national new life movement, the process of Anhui new life movement is consistent with the basic course of the national new life movement. The second part, the main body and the way of promoting the new life movement in Anhui. The main body of the new life movement in Anhui is divided into two aspects: the implementing organization and the implementing personnel. The new life promotion association of Anhui Province is the official promotion organization. Has formulated relevant organizational rules and regulations, specifically responsible for guiding the New Life Movement in Anhui. The main personnel involved in the implementation are the public servants, police and students, and the persuasive forces of service members such as public servants. The sum of the compulsory force of the police and the strength of the students' education is the actual driving force of the new life movement. The third part is the contents of the new life movement in Anhui. The contents of the new life movement include many aspects, such as "rules" and "cleanliness", anti-smoking and detoxification and social customs improvement, universal education and literacy campaigns, and health and epidemic prevention. The contents of the New Life Movement in Anhui Province are very numerous and varied with the change of different space-time backgrounds. The fourth part, the evaluation of the new life movement in Anhui. The new life movement in Anhui has some distinguishing features from the new life movement in other parts of the country, and has achieved certain results, for example, more ordinary people have learned the knowledge of cleaning and sanitation and epidemic prevention. The social environment was optimized under the measures of custom improvement and anti-smoking and detoxification, and literacy campaigns and sports made the people's physical and civilized qualities improved. The new life movement in wartime is more conducive to the early victory of the War of Resistance against Japan, but the actual effect of the New Life Movement in Anhui is limited, and the reasons are various and complicated. As a 15-year social movement, the New Life Movement has a very important historical position. At the same time, to absorb and avoid the lessons and problems, so the further exploration and study of the new life movement in Anhui has certain realistic social significance.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D693;K26

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