近代烟台对外贸易研究（1861-1937）

发布时间：2018-03-22 17:57

本文选题：近代　切入点：烟台对外贸易　出处：《广西师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：1840年鸦片战争以后,随着西方列强的入侵,中国的领土主权遭到破坏,自给自足的自然经济解体,并逐渐成为了世界资本主义的商品市场和原料供应地,中国也开始沦为半殖民地半封建社会。而沿海一些港口的被迫开放,也对中国社会产生了深远的影响。第二次鸦片战争以后,清政府被迫于1861年对外开放烟台港,并同时设立了东海关,烟台正式对外开埠通商。而烟台的开埠对烟台以及整个山东北部社会经济的发展产生了深远的影响。本文就以1861——1937年烟台的对外贸易为考察对象,借助近代烟台的海关贸易报告、历年华洋贸易情形伦略和东海关十年贸易报告等档案资料,从烟台开埠初期的对外贸易、烟台对外贸易的发展变化以及烟台对外贸易的商品结构等方面论述了近代烟台对外贸易的发展历程。论文共分为四个部分：第一部分：开埠初期的烟台对外贸易本部分以开埠初期的烟台对外贸易为主要的研究对象,首先分析了烟台发展对外贸易的条件以及烟台的开埠和东海关的设立,并在此基础上论述了开埠初期的烟台对外贸易。通过这些分析我们可知,开埠初期的烟台对外贸易,特别是洋货进口贸易发展十分的迅速。第二部分：烟台对外贸易的总量变化及其分析该部分把烟台开埠后至抗战爆发的对外贸易分为兴起、缓慢发展、繁荣、波动和衰退五个时期进行分析,并重点论述了烟台对外贸易各个时期的兴衰原因和主要特征。通过对烟台对外贸易总量的分析,可以得知烟台对外贸易在中间虽然有所波动,但在总体上是呈上升趋势的,并且烟台的对外贸易受港口的建设、与腹地交通的状况、自然灾害和战争等方面比较大,而且在后期,很大程度上还受到山东其他港口的影响。第三部分：烟台对外贸易的商品结构分析本部分首先对烟台进出口商品情形以及占全国的比值方面进行了分析,接着具体的对烟台进口洋货和出口土货的商品种类进行了分析,并得出无论是进口洋货还是出口土货,在种类和数量上都有着较大的差异。除此之外,还对烟台的对外贸易与城市的变迁进行了简要的论述,并且随着烟台对外贸易的发展,烟台的城市建设和人口规模发生了很大的变化。
[Abstract]:After the Opium War of 1840, with the invasion of Western powers, China's territorial sovereignty was destroyed, the self-sufficient natural economy disintegrated, and gradually became the commodity market and raw material supply place of the world capitalism. China also began to become a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. The forced opening of ports along the coast also had a profound impact on Chinese society. After the second Opium War, the Qing government was forced to open Yantai Port to the outside world in 1861. At the same time, the East Customs was set up, Yantai officially opened its ports for foreign trade, and the opening of Yantai had a profound impact on the development of Yantai and the social economy of the whole north of Shandong. This article takes Yantai's foreign trade from 1861 to 1937 as the object of investigation. With the help of the modern Yantai customs trade report, the Chinese foreign trade situation in the past years, and the ten years' trade report of the East Customs, the foreign trade in the early days of the port of Yantai was taken into account. The development and change of Yantai foreign trade and the commodity structure of Yantai foreign trade are discussed in this paper. Part one: Yantai Foreign Trade in the early stage of Port opening. This part takes Yantai foreign trade in the initial stage of port as the main research object. Firstly, it analyzes the conditions for Yantai to develop foreign trade and the establishment of Yantai port and east customs. On the basis of this, it discusses Yantai foreign trade in the initial stage of port opening. Through these analyses, we can see that Yantai foreign trade, especially foreign goods import trade, developed very rapidly in the early stage of port opening. Part two: the change and Analysis of Yantai's Foreign Trade. In this part, the foreign trade from the opening of Yantai port to the outbreak of the War of Resistance against Japan is divided into five periods: rising, slow development, prosperity, fluctuation and recession. Through the analysis of the total amount of foreign trade in Yantai, we can know that the foreign trade of Yantai is fluctuating in the middle, but on the whole it is on the rise. Moreover, the foreign trade of Yantai is greatly affected by the construction of ports, the traffic conditions of hinterland, natural disasters and wars, and in the later period, it is also influenced by other ports in Shandong to a great extent. The third part: the commodity structure analysis of Yantai foreign trade. This part firstly analyzes the situation of Yantai's import and export commodities and the ratio to the whole country, and then analyzes the types of Yantai's imported foreign goods and export local goods, and draws the conclusion that both imported foreign goods and export local goods are not only imported but also exported. In addition, the foreign trade of Yantai and the changes of the city are discussed briefly, and with the development of foreign trade in Yantai, The city construction and population scale of Yantai have changed greatly.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K25;F752.9

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