伪满洲国民族政策研究

发布时间：2018-03-24 00:31

本文选题：中国东北　切入点：伪满洲国　出处：《东北师范大学》2011年博士论文

【摘要】：九一八事变之后,日本建立了伪满洲国,对东北地区各族人民进行了长达14年之久的殖民统治。在此期间,日本为了稳定其殖民统治,一方面对东北地区的主要民族汉、满、蒙、鲜等民族采取了高压、笼络、利用、同化等政策;另一方面对本民族采取了特殊化政策。除此之外,对于人口数比较少,地处边疆地区的少数民族,则采取惨无人道的灭绝政策。这一系列违背社会历史发展规律的的殖民地民族政策不仅阻碍了东北各民族的正常发展,而且导致了东北地区各民族之间的民族隔阂。为此,通过分析日本对伪满洲国推行的民族政策,来揭露日本帝国主义者的险恶之本质。论文正文共分为六个部分。第一部分主要叙述九一八事变前日本对东北地区的侵略预谋以及九一八事变爆发的经过和伪满洲国的成立。其次通过伪满洲国建国前签订的卖国条约、协定来揭露伪满洲国政权的傀儡性,说明伪满洲国的建立并非是东北各族人民的意愿,而是日本帝国主义欺世盗名的行径而已。此外,本章中略述伪满洲国时期东北地区的各民族自然状况。第二部分主要叙述伪满洲国时期,日本对东北地区本民族采取的特殊化政策。主要分析日本在伪满洲国时期获得并行使的政治、经济、军警与司法方面的特殊化政策以及待遇。政治方面日本通过中央行政机构中的总务厅中心和地方行政机构中的日本人参事官制度来享受其特殊待遇。经济上日本通过高额薪金、津贴以及带有民族等级差别的“粮谷配给”来维持其腐化的生活,并且从东北各族手中掠夺大量土地,成为了东北的新型地主,奴役东北地区各族人民。第三部分主要叙述日本对满族、蒙族利用与控制政策。首先日本竭尽全力地拉拢溥仪,使溥仪心甘情愿地投入日本人的“怀抱”,并且建立了伪满洲国。之后日本一方面满足伪满皇帝在物质方面和精神方面虚荣心,同时安插耳目时刻监视和监督伪满皇帝的一举一动。此外,日本通过“政治联姻”的方法,来制造带有日本血统的第二代傀儡人物。对于蒙古族上层采取了安抚、收买、利用政策,九一八事变前,日本早已对东北地区蒙古王公采取了收买和利用政策,通过支持蒙古王公的“蒙古独立”、“蒙古自治”活动,企图使内蒙古脱离中国政权。伪满洲国成立之后,日本对蒙古族上层采取了安抚和利用政策。初期为求稳定日本对蒙古王公采取了安抚政策,沿用并保持以前蒙古封建王公制度和权利。伪满洲国政权稳定之后,日本废除了蒙古王公制度,同时为了安抚蒙古王公,在经济上给予了高额补助。此外,日本利用蒙古族骁勇善战的习性,指使蒙古族败类组建伪蒙古骑兵,帮日寇镇压和屠杀东北各族人民。第四部分主要叙述日本对东北地区朝鲜族的利用和强制同化政策。朝鲜族是一个跨境民族。从20世纪初,开始大规模地移居到东北,经过与其他民族一道建设和开发东北疆域的过程中,逐渐融合于东北各民族大家庭中。伪满洲国时期,日本把朝鲜族视为“最容易接近皇国臣民”的人,并将其地位提高至“准高等民族”(日本人视本民族为高等民族,然把蒙、满、汉民族为低等民族或者野蛮民族)地位,实施拉拢。实际上能够享受“准高等”民族待遇的只是一小撮朝鲜族亲日分子。广大朝鲜族人民与其他民族一样深受日本殖民统治和压迫。这里值得一提的是日本对朝鲜族人民实行了带有民族同化内容的“皇民化”政策,通过禁止朝鲜族人们使用本民族语言,强制性地普及日语,进行“创氏改名”来把朝鲜族同化为日本民族。第五部分中主要叙述了日本对汉民族采取的民族高压统治政策。政治方面,日本对为数众多的汉民族采取了一个前所未有的镇压政策。为了便于统治日本对汉民族上层人物采取了既利用,又压制的政策。对于广大下层汉民族人们采取了镇压政策。由于以汉民族人民为主导的东北抗日斗争声势浩大,日本采取了“归村并屯”政策。虽然切断人民与抗日队伍的联系,但导致了广大汉民族人民被迫离开故土,流离失所。在经济方面日本采取了残酷的掠夺政策,利用日本民族抢夺汉民族人们的土地,制定“粮谷出荷”政策,掠夺大量的粮食。制定“粮谷配给”政策,不断缩小汉民族人民的粮食需求。对城市中的工人采取低工资、低待遇政策,使得广大汉民族工人陷入极度贫困。对于文化教育方面,日本采取了愚民奴化政策,企图把广大汉民族人民变为忠于日本殖民统治的“顺民”。第六部分主要论述了伪满洲国时期日本对东北地区少数民族统治政策。伪满洲国建国初期,日本无暇顾及这些为数较少的民族,对这些民族采取了暂时利用的政策,利用一小撮民族败类组织“山林队”、“山林警察队”,配合关东军“讨伐”和镇压抗日联军。伪满洲国政权稳定之后,日本改变对东北少数民族的暂时利用政策,采取了惨绝人寰的灭绝政策,使得少数民族受到了严重的摧残。
[Abstract]:After the 918 incident, Japan established a puppet regime in Manchuria, the people of all ethnic groups in Northeast China for more than 14 years of colonial rule. In the meantime, in order to stabilize the Japanese colonial rule, on the one hand, the main ethnic groups in Northeast Han, full, Mongolia, fresh nation to take the high pressure, win, utilization, assimilation policy; on the other hand to take the special policy of the nation. In addition, the population is relatively small, the minority is located in the border area, to extinction. This series of policies to be brutal and inhuman violation of the law of social and historical development of the colonial national policy not only hinder the normal development of the ethnic minorities in Northeast China. But lead among different ethnic groups in Northeast China national barriers. Therefore, through the analysis of the Japanese puppet regime in Manchuria on the implementation of national policy, to expose the Japanese imperialist evil nature.
The text of the paper is divided into six parts.
The Japanese invasion of Northeast China and 918 premeditated incident broke out the first part mainly narrates the 918 incident before and after the establishment of the puppet regime in Manchuria. Followed by the traitorous treaty signed before the puppet regime in Manchuria, the puppet regime in Manchuria pseudo disclosure agreements, the establishment of the puppet Manchuria government is not the will of the people of all ethnic groups in Northeast China. But the Japanese imperialists fradulent acts. In addition, this chapter outlines the puppet regime in Manchuria in Northeast China during the national natural condition.
The second part mainly describes the pseudo period of Manchuria country, Japan on special measures in this region. The main analysis of the Japanese nation to take exercise and political, in the puppet regime in Manchuria during the period of economic policy, special police and judicial and political benefits. Japan through the system of general office center and local administrative institutions in central administrative institutions in the Japanese staff officer to enjoy the special treatment. The economy Japan by high salary, allowances and a national level difference of "grain ration" to maintain its corrupt life, and from the northeast of the family had seized a lot of land, become the new landlord of the northeast, the people of all ethnic groups in Northeast China. Slavery
The third part mainly narrates the Japanese of Manchu, Mongolian and the control policy. Firstly, Japan to draw the Puyi, into the Japanese Puyi most willing to embrace, and established a puppet regime in Manchuria. After a Japanese puppet emperor to meet the material and spiritual aspects of vanity, and install and time monitoring and supervision of the puppet emperor every act and every move. In addition, Japan through a "political marriage", made with the second generation of Japanese descent. The figurehead of Mongolian upper take comfort, buy, use policy, 918 incident, Japan had taken to buy and use policy to the northeast region of Mongolia through the support of the princes, the princes of Mongolia "Mongolia independence", "Mongolia autonomous" activities, trying to separate Inner Mongolia from Chinese. After the establishment of Manchuria puppet regime of Mongolian, Japan took the upper Comfort and use policy. The early stability of Japan in Mongolia the adopt a conciliatory policy, use and maintain in Mongolia before the feudal royal system and rights. The puppet Manchuria regime stability after Japan abolished the princes of Mongolia system, at the same time in order to appease the princes of Mongolia, in the economy given high subsidies. In addition, the Japanese use of the Mongolian troops the habits of Mongolian scum formation of pseudo ordered Mongolia cavalry, help Japanese repression and killing the northeast people of all ethnic groups.
The fourth part focuses on the use of Japanese Korean in Northeast China and forced assimilation policy. Korean is a cross-border ethnic groups. From the beginning of twentieth Century, began a large-scale emigration to the northeast, after together with other ethnic groups, the construction and development of the Northeast territory in the process of gradual integration in the big family of all nationalities in the northeast. The puppet regime in Manchuria during the period of Japanese, Korean is regarded as "the most accessible Imperial Subjects", and its status will be raised to "quasi national higher" (Japanese as the nation for national higher, but the full, Mongolian, Han nationality or ethnic low Savage nation) position, implementation can actually enjoy "to win. Quasi national treatment only a handful of higher molecular masses. Korean Pro Japanese Korean people and other ethnic groups as well as by the Japanese colonial rule and oppression. It is worth mentioning here is that the Japanese to Korean people carried out with people The policy of "Huang Min" of assimilating content is to prohibit Koreans from using their native language, to popularize Japanese compulsively, and to rename the Korean nationality into Japanese nation by renaming it.
The fifth part mainly describes the national policy adopted Japanese coercion on the Han nationality. The political aspect, Japan adopted a policy of repression of the hitherto unknown number of Han nationality. In order to facilitate the rule of Japan on the upper figure of Han nationality were taken by both, and the policy of repression. For the majority of Chinese people have taken a lower the policy of suppression. The Northeast Anti Japanese struggle as great in strength and impetus to the Han ethnic people oriented, Japan adopted the "return to the village and the village" policy. Although the people's Anti Japanese team and cut off contact, but caused wide ethnic Han people were forced to leave their homeland, displaced. In economic terms Japan has taken a brutal predatory policy, the Japanese national snatch Han people of the land, making "grain load" policy, a large number of predatory food. Make "grain rationing" policy, shrinking Chinese people's food Needs. Take low wage workers in the city, low treatment policy, making the Guangzhou Han minority workers into extreme poverty. For culture and education, Japan adopted the obscurantist policy of enslavement, attempting to wide the Han nationality people into loyal to the Japanese colonial rule of the "obedient."
The sixth part mainly discusses the period of Japanese puppet regime in Manchuria on the northeast minority rule policy. The puppet regime in Manchuria in the early days of Japan to attend to the small number of people, for the nation to take a temporary use of the policy, with a handful of scum of the nation "mountain forest organization team", "forest police team", with the Kwantung Army "crusade" and the suppression of the Anti Japanese coalition. The puppet Manchuria regime change in Japan after a stable, northeast minority temporarily use policy, take the extremely brutal extermination policies make minority, has been seriously ruined.

【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K265.6

【引证文献】