晚清两湖地区对外交涉研究

发布时间：2018-03-27 07:38

本文选题：两湖地区　切入点：对外交涉　出处：《湖南师范大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 1860年,汉口被迫开放为通商口岸,是为两湖官员处理对外交涉的契机。两湖对外交涉比较频繁,是最早设立交涉使司的五处之一。本文研究的主要内容为1860年至1911年期间的两湖地区的对外交涉,主要从以下四个方面展开论述：第一部分介绍两湖对外交涉体制。具体说明地方官的对外交涉依据、参与人员及机构、交涉程序,并分析了它们之间的关系以及与中央外交机构和南洋大臣的关系；第二部分系统梳理了交涉事件的类别,包括租界、中外贸易、教务教案、铁路、矿务等,并举例加以说明；第三部分以交涉的成效与无奈为题,将地方官员的对外交涉作一评价。最初两湖官员对总理衙门唯命是从,到后来开展立足于两湖利益的对外交涉。但是由于列强在华拥有一系列的特权,官员对无法保护的利益只能无奈放弃。第四部分文章总结了对外交涉的基本特点,主要从对外交涉体制、内容、民众因素、与沿海的关系等方面进行研究。值得注意的是两湖对外交涉与沿海的关系,由最初的借鉴与学习,到19世纪末20世纪初则出现互相合作的局面。总的来说,两湖官员对外交涉的水平不断提高。但是在不平等条约的大框架下,两湖官员只能小心翼翼地办理交涉,同时逐步地摸索方法,与各国领事周旋,艰难地维护着地方和国家的利益。
[Abstract]:In 1860, Hankou was forced to open as a port of trade, which was an opportunity for officials of the two lakes to handle foreign negotiations. The main content of this paper is the foreign negotiations between 1860 and 1911, mainly from the following four aspects:. The first part introduces the foreign negotiation system of the two lakes. It concretely explains the basis of the local officials' foreign negotiation, the participants and the organization, the negotiation procedure, and analyzes the relationship between them and the central diplomatic institutions and the Nanyang ministers. The second part systematically combs the negotiation event category, including concession, Chinese and foreign trade, educational administration teaching case, railway, mining affairs and so on, and gives examples to illustrate; The third part, on the topic of the effectiveness and helplessness of the negotiations, evaluates the foreign negotiations of local officials. At first, the officials of the two lakes complied with the orders of the Premier's Yamen. But because the powers had a series of privileges in China, officials had no choice but to give up their unprotected interests. The fourth part of the article summarizes the basic characteristics of foreign negotiations, mainly from the foreign negotiation system, content, popular factors, the relationship between the coastal and other aspects. From the initial reference and learning, to the end of the 19 th century and the beginning of the 20 th century, there is a situation of mutual cooperation. Generally speaking, the level of foreign negotiations between the officials of the two lakes is constantly improving. However, under the framework of unequal treaties, officials of the two lakes can only deal with the negotiations carefully and gradually explore ways to deal with the consuls of various countries. It is hard to defend local and national interests.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K252

【引证文献】