民国初期长芦官运局研究

发布时间：2018-03-28 03:20

本文选题：民国初期　切入点：长芦官运总局　出处：《河北师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：食盐作为人类延续生命之必需品，具有不可替代性。无论贫富皆需食盐，正是由于食盐的这种不可或缺性，，导致了政府和商人对其专卖权的争夺。民国初期，长芦盐区食盐运销有两种方式：官督商销和官运官销。官督商销模式的市场主体为手持“引票”的世袭专商，而官运官销模式的市场主体则为长芦官运局。长芦官运总局是长芦盐运使公署设于销盐区主管盐斤运销事宜的机构。长芦官运经历了从无到有、从个别到系统的发展过程。长芦官运总局的成立标志着长芦官运正式自成系统，同时也就打破了芦纲公所主导下的引岸专商垄断长芦盐区食盐运销的局面。芦纲公所作为代表长芦盐区全体纲商跟政府接洽食盐运销事宜的一个办事机构，它以维持引岸、保全盐商利益为宗旨。长芦官运总局之设源于芦纲累商滥借外债无力偿还，由政府代其偿还。作为官家代累商垫还巨款的代价，政府将累商引岸收归官办，并设官运总局统一管理芦区官办引岸食盐运销事宜。因此，长芦官运总局从一开始就遭到以旧盐商为代表的旧有既得利益者的联合抵制。长芦官运总局在保证民食、推广销额、降低盐价等方面采取了诸多手段和措施，虽然最终以官运失败而收场，未能让人们吃上便宜盐，但是却在一定程度上打击了旧盐商。
[Abstract]:Salt, as a necessity for human life, is irreplaceable. Both rich and poor need salt. It is precisely because of this indispensable salt, leading to the government and businessmen to compete for its monopoly power. In the early Republic of China, There are two ways of selling salt in Changlu salt area: government, governor, trade, and official transportation. The main market of official and commercial marketing is the hereditary merchants who hold "draw votes". On the other hand, the main market for the official sales model is the Changlu official Transport Bureau. The Changlu General Administration of Transport is the agency responsible for salt sales in the salt distribution area. The Changlu official transport has gone from nothing to existence. From individual to systematic development process. The establishment of Changlu official Transportation Administration marks the official system of Changlu official Transportation, and it also breaks the situation of leading bank merchants to monopolize the distribution of table salt in Changlu salt area under the guidance of Lugang Gong. As an office representing all the merchants in Changlu Salt District to approach the government about salt transportation and distribution, the office aims to maintain the shore and protect the interests of salt merchants. The establishment of the Changguangguan General Administration of Transportation originated from the excessive borrowing of foreign debts and inability to repay. The government reimburses it on its behalf. As the cost of paying back a huge sum of money from the official family, the government relegates the tiring business to the government, and sets up a General Administration of official Transportation and Transportation for the unified management of the distribution of salt in the Luzhou district, which is run by the government. Therefore, From the beginning, the Changlu official Transportation Administration has been boycotted by the old vested interests represented by the old salt merchants. The Changlu official Transportation Administration has taken many measures and measures to ensure food for the people, promote sales, reduce salt prices, and so on. Although the failure of the official failed to let people eat cheap salt, but to some extent hit the old salt merchants.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K258;F429

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