“群德”的思想分途:宪政秩序与国民公德——以五四前后章士钊及李大钊的论述为中心

发布时间：2018-03-28 04:06

本文选题：世俗化　切入点：公共伦理　出处：《史林》2015年03期

【摘要】：五四时期是近代中国思想史"转型时代"的高潮。然而,因道德权威性的丧失而带来的道德分歧,也导致了对共和理念的侵蚀。民国初年政治乱局的缘由,就在于政治制度背后共和精神的缺位。共同体如何形成基于"伦理公共善"之上的集体认同,因此成为五四知识分子思考的核心问题之一。章士钊、李大钊等致力于民初宪政实践的知识分子,虽然将宪政秩序视为塑造共同体公共认同的重心,但在他们看来,国家不仅仅是一个"政治共同体",而是一个内含公共伦理的"道德共同体"。这种公共伦理或是来源于对国家公共利益的尊重,或是来自个人良知的汇合。如果说,新教改革以来的西方社会,试图通过分离德性伦理与规范伦理,以应对现代社会价值多元化的挑战。那么,五四知识分子则更注重个人德性与伦理规范的互动。在对中国思想史脉络自我理解的过程中,五四知识分子的公共伦理形成了独特的现代性。
[Abstract]:The period of the May 4th Movement was the climax of the "transitional era" in the history of modern Chinese ideology. However, the moral differences brought about by the loss of moral authority also led to the erosion of the Republican concept. It lies in the absence of the Republican spirit behind the political system. How to form the collective identity based on "ethical public good" in the community has become one of the core problems of the May 4th intellectuals' thinking. Li Dazhao and other intellectuals who devoted themselves to the practice of constitutionalism in the early days of the Republic of China regarded constitutional order as the focus of shaping the common identity of the community, but in their view, The state is not just a "political community", but a "moral community" that contains public ethics. This public ethic comes either from respect for the national public interest or from the confluence of individual conscience. Since the Protestant reform, Western society has tried to meet the challenge of modern social value diversification by separating moral ethics from normative ethics. In the process of self-understanding of the history of Chinese ideology, the public ethics of the May 4th intellectuals formed a unique modernity.
【作者单位】：湖南师范大学历史文化学院;
【基金】：2014年度湖南省社科基金一般项目“世俗转型与寻求超越:李大钊思想研究”(批准号:14YBB057)阶段性成果
【分类号】：K261

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