晚清华北府县教育行政运作研究

发布时间：2018-03-31 19:16

本文选题：晚清时期　切入点：府州县　出处：《河北师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：从地方教育的发展来看,政府机构一向是府县教育的主导力量,通过阅读华北府县地方志记载中的关于府县教育行政管理的内容得知,道光年间对于地方基层教育的管理已经初具规模。在华北地区,除距离清朝行政中心较近的天津府和顺天府,由于第二次鸦片战争签订的《北京条约》和《天津条约》的影响而创办了一些新式学堂外,华北地区无论是府县教育还是府县教育行政运作,均还是沿着清前中期的步伐继续向前。所以研究晚清时期的府县教育行政运作可以更好的了解已经发展相当完备的封建教育行政管理体制。本文综合使用分析华北府县地方志资料,以及第一历史档案馆藏宫中档奏折等文献资料,力求从宏观和微观上,全面、准确地对晚清时期华北府县教育行政运作情况进行研究。并以政治管理学和教育行政学的角度,以晚清时期华北府县教育行政运作所处的压力环境出发,辅之以府县教育行政运作主体及其行政人员,从而通过探讨府县教育财政运作机制、府县教育行政监督机制、府县书院、义学管理机制等来梳理晚清时期华北府县教育行政运作的网络,并分析归纳府县教育行政权力运行的规则和特点。从晚清时期府县教育行政的角度出发,尽管地方府、县衙门事多而杂,府、县没有单独的教育行政运作部门,对于府县教育行政管理工作,府县官无法全力应对,但是,从管理学的角度看,晚清时期的基层教育管理的各项制度基本健全,日益规范的管理方式也进一步提高了府县教育行政效率。权力是一把双刃剑,从教育的本质看,晚清时期的府县教育行政运作的目标已经脱离了教育的本质,而教育的本质是在使受教育者获得知识的技能,而非只是不断的考试,求取功名,并且培养一些绝对顺从的、能够安国经邦的官吏,并让这些官吏统治百姓,宣传礼教,约束百姓的思想和生活。晚清时期的华北府县教育行政也是逐渐改革的,它是一个过程,是伴随着社会、思想、经济、政治等逐渐开放的。虽然晚清时期的华北府县教育行政运作有其固步自封的毛病,但是其一些日益完备的教育管理制度还是值得我们借鉴的。
[Abstract]:From the perspective of the development of local education, government agencies have always been the leading force in the education of the prefectures and counties. Through reading the contents of the records of the local chronicles of the prefectures of North China, they learned about the administration of education in the prefectures and counties. The administration of local grass-roots education in the Daoguang period has begun to take shape. In North China, except for Tianjin and Shun Tianfu, which are closer to the administrative center of the Qing Dynasty, Under the influence of the "Beijing Treaty" and "Tianjin Treaty" signed during the second Opium War, some new schools were set up. In North China, education in the prefectures and counties was operated as well as the education administration at the prefectural and county levels. Therefore, the study of the late Qing Dynasty education administration operation can better understand the development of a fairly complete feudal education administration system. Local Records of Beifu County, As well as the documents and materials of the first historical archives, such as the middle record of the Tibetan Palace, in order to comprehensively and accurately study the educational administration operation of the North China County in the late Qing Dynasty from the macro and micro aspects, and from the perspective of political management and educational administration, Based on the pressure environment of educational administration operation in North China County in the late Qing Dynasty, supplemented by the main body and administrative staff of the educational administrative operation of Fuxian County, this paper discusses the mechanism of educational financial operation in Fuxian County and the Supervision Mechanism of Educational Administration in Fuxian County. The Fuxian Academy, the management mechanism of righteousness, etc., to sort out the network of educational administrative operation in North China during the late Qing Dynasty, and to analyze and summarize the rules and characteristics of the running of the educational administrative power of the prefectures, from the angle of the educational administration of the prefectures in the late Qing Dynasty. Although there are many and miscellaneous local and county Yamen matters, the prefectures and counties do not have separate educational administrative operation departments, and the prefectural officials are unable to cope with the work of the prefectural and county education administration, but from the perspective of management, In the late Qing Dynasty, the basic educational management system was basically sound, and the increasingly standardized management mode also further improved the educational administrative efficiency of the prefectures. Power is a double-edged sword, and from the essence of education, power is a double-edged sword. In the late Qing Dynasty, the goal of the educational administration in the prefectures and counties had been divorced from the essence of education, and the essence of education was to enable the educated to acquire the skills of knowledge, not just to constantly take examinations, to gain fame, and to cultivate some absolutely obedient ones. The officials who were able to rule the people, propagandize etiquette and discipline, and restrict the people's thinking and life were able to make peace with the state officials. In the late Qing Dynasty, the education administration of the North China prefectures was also gradually reformed. It was a process, accompanied by society and thought. Although the educational administration of North China County in the late Qing Dynasty had its shortcomings, some of its increasingly complete educational management system is worthy of our reference.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G529;K252

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