陕西省林务局研究（1934-1938）

发布时间：2018-04-04 04:53

本文选题：陕西省林务局　切入点：主要业务　出处：《陕西师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：民国以来,鉴于林业不振,中央政府相继设立和完善林业机构,颁布林业法规,开展林业教育,学习和引进西方先进林业技术、人才,这一切都为中国林业的发展奠定了基础。1927年4月,南京国民政府成立后,对林业机构进行了调整,继承并发展了之前的林业政策、法规等。同时,自20世纪30年代以来,开发西北的呼声日益声势浩大,国民政府相继提出了一些开发西北的议案,其中就包括发展林业的一些提议。另外,民国以来,中国的有识之士和林业学者提出了许多发展林业的思想。许多留学归国的林业学家根据国家实际情况,提出了振兴中国林业的设想。陕西省林务局就是在这样的社会背景下成立的。 1934年,陕西省林务局成立,林务局以“为谋全省林务之发展”为宗旨,划定经费,聘了一批林业专门人才,专力研究造林计划及实施方案。此后,陕西省的林业才有了根本上的发展。但是目前为止,学术界对陕西省林务局的研究比较少,一般的文献资料中,都是从整个林业机构的宏观角度出发,简单提到而已。尤其是对陕西省林务局本身的研究几乎没有,甚至没有一篇完整的介绍这一机构的文章。本文主要分为绪论、正文、结语三大块。绪论部分,主要概述了当前学术界对于林业政策的研究现状以及本文的研究方法、特色和思路。第一章主要介绍了陕西省林务局成立的历史背景,包括国内背景和省内状况两方面。第二章主要论述了陕西省林务局的成立与运作,重点对林务局的人员构成及性质做了分析。第三章主要介绍了陕西省林务局的主要业务,包括制定林业法规、指导全省植树造林、开展林业调查与研究、出版林业刊物、设立林业警察、指导成立林业团体等六个方面。第四章主要对陕西省林务局的历史功绩进行了评价,并分析了林务局发展中的局限性。最后结语部分再次将本文对林务局的考察进行了综合论述。本文认为,林务局作为当时陕西省的最高林业行政机构,立足于全省,克服多种困难,从多个方面开展工作,对陕西省林业的现代化做出了重要的贡献。然而,由于社会环境的影响,林务局在发展过程中始终受到经费的限制以及人员需求等方面的限制,这些都使得林务局的正常业务工作受到了严重的影响。 21世纪的中国,加强生态建设、发展现代林业、推进生态文明是中国人民的一项重大而艰巨的任务。完成该任务的一个重要方面,就是要认真研究和借鉴历史上的林业部门的经验教训、林业政策,尤其是近代以来的林业机构及其相关政策。只有这样,才能顺应社会发展的需要,实现我国林业的可持续性发展。
[Abstract]:Since the Republic of China, in view of the lack of forestry, the central government has successively set up and improved forestry institutions, promulgated forestry laws and regulations, carried out forestry education, studied and imported advanced western forestry technologies and talents.All these laid a foundation for the development of Chinese forestry. In April 1927, after the establishment of the Nanjing National Government, the forestry institutions were adjusted, and the forestry policies and regulations were inherited and developed.At the same time, since the 1930s, the voice of the northwest development is growing, the National Government has put forward a number of bills for the development of northwest, including some proposals to develop forestry.In addition, since the Republic of China, the Chinese people of insight and forestry scholars put forward a lot of forestry development ideas.According to the actual situation of the country, many forestry experts who study abroad and return to China put forward the idea of revitalizing China's forestry.Shaanxi Provincial Forestry Bureau was established under such a social background.In 1934, the Shaanxi Provincial Forestry Bureau was established. With the aim of "seeking the development of the forestry affairs of the whole province", the Forestry Bureau delimited funds and hired a group of forestry professionals to study the afforestation plan and the implementation plan.Since then, the forestry in Shaanxi Province has a fundamental development.But so far, the academic research on Shaanxi Forestry Bureau is relatively few, the general literature is from the macro perspective of the entire forestry institutions, simply mentioned.In particular, there is almost no research on Shaanxi Forestry Bureau itself, or even a complete introduction to this institution.This paper is divided into three parts: introduction, text and conclusion.In the introduction part, it summarizes the current research status of forestry policy in academic circles and the research methods, characteristics and ideas of this paper.The first chapter mainly introduces the historical background of the establishment of Shaanxi Forestry Bureau, including domestic background and provincial situation.The second chapter mainly discusses the establishment and operation of Shaanxi Provincial Forestry Bureau.The third chapter mainly introduces the main business of Shaanxi Provincial Forestry Bureau, including formulating forestry laws and regulations, guiding afforestation, carrying out forestry investigation and research, publishing forestry publications, setting up forestry police, guiding the establishment of forestry organizations, and so on.The fourth chapter mainly evaluates the historical achievements of Shaanxi Forestry Bureau and analyzes the limitations in the development of the Bureau.In the last part of the conclusion, the author makes a comprehensive discussion on the investigation of the Forestry Bureau.This paper holds that the Forestry Bureau, as the highest forestry administrative organization in Shaanxi Province at that time, based on the whole province, overcame various difficulties and carried out its work from many aspects, which made an important contribution to the forestry modernization of Shaanxi Province.However, due to the influence of the social environment, the forestry bureau has always been limited by the funds and personnel requirements during the development process, which has seriously affected the normal business work of the bureau.In the 21st century, it is an important and arduous task for Chinese people to strengthen ecological construction, develop modern forestry and promote ecological civilization.An important aspect of accomplishing this task is to study and learn from the experiences and lessons of the forestry departments in history, forestry policies, especially forestry institutions and their related policies since modern times.Only in this way can we meet the needs of social development and realize the sustainable development of forestry in China.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K26;F326.2

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